Organizing Pneumonia Secondary to Infection with Coxiella Burnetii: a Case Report.

Background: Organizing pneumonia is a non-specific inflammatory response to various types of damage to the lungs. It is usually considered bacterial pneumonia that has not been absorbed for more than 4 weeks, accompanied by granulomas and fibrosis. Lung lesions in patients with organizing pneumonia are usually irreversible and the prognosis is relatively poor. Coxiella burnetii can cause Q fever. Acute Q fever usually presents as a self-limiting febrile illness with a good prognosis, but there are few cases of coexisting organizing pneumonia. We report a case of organizing pneumonia secondary to Coxiella burnetii infection.

Methods: Percutaneous lung biopsy, Next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Results: Percutaneous lung biopsy showed the existence of organizing pneumonia, and external examination of NGS showed the existence of Coxiella burnetii infection. After symptomatic treatment with azithromycin and glucocorticoids, the patient improved and was discharged from the hospital.

Conclusions: For lesions with obvious heterogeneous enhancement on chest CT imaging, percutaneous lung biopsy or bronchoscopy should be performed promptly to obtain pathological tissue, and NGS should be used for definite diagnosis if necessary.