MF59-adjuvanted H5N1, cell culture-derived inactivated influenza vaccine (aH5N1c, AUDENZ®, Seqirus) is available for persons 6 months of age and older. During a pandemic, lack of preexisting immunity to novel influenza strains increases morbidity and mortality. This study examined the potential for an adjuvanted vaccine to provide cross-protection to novel viruses. Two similarly designed studies involving separate cohorts aged 18-64 and ≥65 y assessed immune responses to five heterologous H5N1 influenza strains elicited by two 7.5 μg doses of aH5N1c given 3 weeks apart. Geometric mean titers (GMT) on Days 1 and 43 and Day 43/Day 1 geometric mean ratios (GMRs) were determined with hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (MN). Rates of seroconversion (SC) and percentages of subjects with HI and MN ≥ 1:40 were determined. Significant increases in GMTs were observed on Day 43 after vaccination for all 5 heterologous strains in all ages tested. SC rates were 28-55% and 17-46% among those aged 18-64 and ≥65 y, respectively. MN ≥ 1:40 was observed in 38-100% of younger and 37-97% of older subjects, and HI ≥ 1:40 was achieved by 28-64% of subjects aged 18-64 y and by 17-57% of subjects aged ≥65 y. A SC rate ≥40% (97.5% CI) was met for two heterologous strains tested in adults aged 18-64 y. In adults aged 18-64 and ≥65 y, two 7.5 μg doses of aH5N1c demonstrated increased immunogenicity from baseline against five heterologous H5N1 strains, illustrating the potential for aH5N1c to provide cross-protection against other H5N1 strains.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10114991PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2023.2193119DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

heterologous h5n1
12
h5n1 strains
12
aged 18-64
12
18-64 ≥65 y
12
responses heterologous
8
cell culture-derived
8
influenza vaccine
8
influenza strains
8
provide cross-protection
8
75 μg doses
8

Similar Publications

Background: The rapid mutation of avian influenza virus (AIV) poses a significant threat to both the poultry industry and public health. Herein, we have successfully developed an mRNA-LNPs candidate vaccine for H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza and evaluated its immunogenicity and protective efficacy.

Results: In experiments on BALB/c mice, the vaccine candidate elicited strong humoral and a certain cellular immune responses and protected mice from the heterologous AIV challenge.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine Expressing Hemagglutinin Stem Region with Autophagy-Inducing Peptide Confers Cross-Protection Against Group 1 and 2 Influenza A Viruses.

Vaccines (Basel)

January 2025

Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison St., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

An effective universal influenza vaccine is urgently needed to overcome the limitations of current seasonal influenza vaccines, which are ineffective against mismatched strains and unable to protect against pandemic influenza. In this study, bovine and human adenoviral vector-based vaccine platforms were utilized to express various combinations of antigens. These included the H5N1 hemagglutinin (HA) stem region or HA2, the extracellular domain of matrix protein 2 of influenza A virus, HA signal peptide (SP), trimerization domain, excretory peptide, and the autophagy-inducing peptide C5 (AIP-C5).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background/objectives: In preparation for a potential pandemic caused by the H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus, pre-pandemic vaccines against several viral clades have been developed and stocked worldwide. Although these vaccines are well tolerated, their immunogenicity and cross-reactivity with viruses of different clades can be improved.

Methods: To address this aspect, we generated recombinant influenza vaccines against H5-subtype viruses using two different strains of highly attenuated vaccinia virus (VACV) vectors.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Migratory water birds are considered to be carriers of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). In Japan, mallards are often observed during winter, and HPAIV-infected mallards often shed viruses asymptomatically. In this study, we focused on mallards as potential carriers of HPAIVs and investigated whether individual wild mallards are repeatedly infected with HPAIVs and act as HPAIV carriers multiple times within a season.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Low-inflammatory lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccine elicits protective immunity against H5N1 influenza virus with reduced adverse reactions.

Mol Ther

December 2024

Laboratory of Nano-design for Innovative Drug Development, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Vaccine Creation Group, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. Electronic address:

Messenger RNA vaccines based on lipid nanoparticles (mRNA-LNPs) are promising vaccine modalities. However, mRNA-LNP vaccines frequently cause adverse reactions such as swelling and fever in humans, partly due to the inflammatory nature of LNP. Modification of the ionizable lipids used in LNPs is one approach to avoid these adverse reactions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!