The seeds of () species mainly contain anthraquinone, anthraquinone glycoside, and naphthalene derivatives. We investigated the anti-apoptotic effects of seed extract and its isolated compounds on blue-light-induced lipofuscin (A2E)-loaded human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. For analysis of the extract, high-performance liquid chromatography method was used. A2E-loaded human retinal pigment epithelial cells and blue light were used to create excessive photo-oxidation to induce cell death. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was used to measure cell cytotoxicity, and the mRNA expression of genes involved in apoptosis was examined to evaluate the mechanism of cell death. extract, -hexane fraction, and chrysophanol were found to inhibit apoptotic cell death. Additionally, extract, -hexane fraction, and chrysophanol reduced the mRNA expression of genes involved in the apoptosis pathway. and chrysophanol were considered to inhibit apoptosis and oxidative stress response. The major component of has a protective effect against apoptosis. The ingredients of can be used as therapeutic substances or to prevent diseases caused by the excessive oxidation of A2E substances in the retina, such as in age-related macular degeneration.
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