From 1991 to 2019, the mortality rate from lower respiratory tract infections has been on a downward trend. Overall, in 1991, 4.42% [4.08% - 4.79%] of the population died from lower respiratory tract infections. Further, over a period of approximately 20 years, mortality has been declining: 1995 - 3.39% [3.16% - 3.64%]; 2000 - 2.99% [2.78% - 3.2%]; 2005 - 2.66% [2.49% - 2.85%]; 2010 - 2.52% [2.37% - 2.7%]. Despite the fact that until 2010 the number of deaths for the group of diseases studied by us decreased, since 2011 the mortality rate began slightly, but increased, and by 2015 the mortality rate from lower respiratory tract infections was 3.02% [2.83% - 3. 22%]. But then, by 2019, the death rate began to decline again and amounted to 2.88% [2.63% - 3.13%]. Since 1991, the Republic of Kazakhstan has maintained a high mortality rate from lower respiratory tract infections in children under 14 years of age. And also, compared with 1991, in 2019 the mortality rate doubled among representatives of older age groups (15-49; 50-69; and over 70 years old). Based on the results of ranking by gender, a relatively high rate of mortality from lower respiratory tract infections among men was determined.
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BMC Pulm Med
January 2025
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, 860-8556, Japan.
Background: Fibrotic types of interstitial lung abnormalities seen on high-resolution computed tomography scans, characterised by traction bronchiolectasis/bronchiectasis with or without honeycombing, are predictors of progression and poor prognostic factors of interstitial lung abnormalities. There are no reports on the clinical characteristics of fibrotic interstitial lung abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography scans. Therefore, we aimed to examine these clinical characteristics and clarify the predictive factors of fibrotic interstitial lung abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Anesthesiol
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
Background: Patient safety is important in daily anesthesia practices, and providing deep anesthesia is difficult. Current debates on the optimal anesthetic agents highlight the need for safer alternatives. This study was justified by the need for safer and more effective anesthetic protocols for outpatient hysteroscopic procedures, particularly those conducted outside the operating room.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Objectives: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of ULDCT to CXR for detecting non-traumatic pulmonary diseases at the emergency department (ED) and to study diagnostic confidence levels.
Methods: Secondary analysis of the prospective OPTIMACT trial (2418 ED participants randomly allocated to ULDCT or CXR). Diagnoses at imaging at the ED were compared to the reference diagnosis on day 28.
Thorax
January 2025
Genome Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Objective: Reduced functional capacity and muscle weakness are two major contributors to functional impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The underlying causes of functional impairment are poorly understood and, therefore, we sought to investigate the contribution of genetic factors.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of sociodemographic, clinical and genetic information of people with COPD.
Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
January 2025
Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Hospital and Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Purpose: The underlying mechanism why segmentectomy has demonstrated the non-inferiority to lobectomy in several randomized trials remains unclear. Computed tomography (CT)-measured pulmonary artery (PA) enlargement reflects PA pressure and predicts the prognosis of certain respiratory diseases. We compared the preoperative and postoperative PA diameter to the ascending aorta diameter (PA/A) ratio, investigating its impact on right ventricular function in lung resection.
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