Background: We recently reveal that anti-CD4 autoantibodies contribute to blunted CD4+ T cell reconstitution in HIV+ individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Cocaine use is common among HIV+ individuals and is associated with accelerated disease progression. However, the mechanisms underlying cocaine-induced immune perturbations remain obscure.
Methods: We evaluated plasma levels of anti-CD4 IgG and markers of microbial translocation, as well as B-cell gene expression profiles and activation in HIV+ chronic cocaine users and non-users on suppressive ART, as well as uninfected controls. Plasma purified anti-CD4 IgGs were assessed for antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC).
Results: HIV+ cocaine users had increased plasma levels of anti-CD4 IgGs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and soluble CD14 (sCD14) versus non-users. An inverse correlation was observed in cocaine users, but not non-drug users. Anti-CD4 IgGs from HIV+ cocaine users mediated CD4+ T cell death through ADCC . B cells from HIV+ cocaine users exhibited activation signaling pathways and activation (cycling and TLR4 expression) related to microbial translocation versus non-users.
Conclusions: This study improves our understanding of cocaine associated B cell perturbations and immune failure and the new appreciation for autoreactive B cells as novel therapeutic targets.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10070012 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nipt-2022-0019 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Patterns of Maternal Single and Polysubstance Use in the US: A Latent Class Analysis.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs
January 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States.
Objective: Substance use patterns vary considerably in the general population, yet little is known about patterns before and during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to describe single substance and polysubstance use (PSU) before and during pregnancy among recent births in the United States (US) and compare exposure patterns.
Methods: We used data from the Pregnancy and Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) postpartum survey for 2016-2018 to estimate the prevalence and identify patterns of substance use by participants one to three months before and during pregnancy.
Social Epidemiological Mediators of Rural and Urban Differences in Perceived Need for Cocaine Use Treatment.
Rural Ment Health
October 2024
Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA.
Rural/urban disparities in cocaine use treatment are commonly attributed to variations in social epidemiological constructs, such as socioeconomic status and well-being, social capital and support, and discrimination, as well as health care attitudes and health beliefs. This study examined whether these factors mediate rural vs. urban disparities in perceived need for cocaine use treatment, a concept closely linked to treatment utilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of crack cocaine on salivary nucleic acids, enzymes, esters, and lipids: A fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy study.
Heliyon
January 2025
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Câmpus de São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Objective: This study aims to analyze saliva composition in crack users using vibrational spectroscopy.
Material And Methods: A total of 90 participants were meticulously selected and divided into three groups, each comprising 30 individuals. All participants met the criterion of having no observable clinical changes in the oral mucosa.
The implementation of safer drug consumption facilities in Scotland: a mixed methods needs assessment and feasibility study for the city of Edinburgh.
Harm Reduct J
January 2025
Salvation Army Centre for Addiction Services and Research, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland.
Background: Scotland currently has amongst the highest rates of drug-related deaths in Europe, leading to increased advocacy for safer drug consumption facilities (SDCFs) to be piloted in the country. In response to concerns about drug-related harms in Edinburgh, elected officials have considered introducing SDCFs in the city. This paper presents key findings from a feasibility study commissioned by City of Edinburgh Council to support these deliberations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutcomes after open repair of aortic aneurysms and dissections in cannabis consumers.
JTCVS Open
December 2024
Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, Houston, Tex.
Objective: To investigate the influence of cannabis consumption on the mid- and long-term surgical outcomes of patients with aortic aneurysms or dissections.
Methods: All individuals aged 18 years and older with more than 6 months of cannabis use at the time of surgical repair for cardiovascular disease (aortic aneurysms or aortic dissection) between 2007 and 2023 were eligible. Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on their preoperative history of cannabis use: cannabis users and noncannabis users.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!