Background: Dynamic spirometry is an important investigation to differentiate between impaired and normal lung function. This study aimed to evaluate the results of lung function testing in a cohort of subjects from Northern Sweden without any known heart or pulmonary disease. Our focus was to compare with two reference materials that have showed differences in the age-dependency of lung function in Swedish subjects.
Methods: The study population consisted of 285 healthy adults (148 males, 52%) between 20-90 years of age. The subjects had been randomly selected from the population register for inclusion in a study investigating cardiac function in heart-healthy subjects, but were also assessed with dynamic spirometry. At least seven percent reported smoking. Sixteen subjects presented with pulmonary functional impairments and were excluded from the current study. The sex-specific age-dependency in lung volumes was estimated using the LMS model, where non-linear equations were derived for the mean value (M), the location (L) or skewness, and the scatter (S) or coefficient of variation. This model of the observed lung function data was compared with reference values given by the original LMS model published by the Global Lung Initiative (GLI), and with the model from the recent Obstructive Lung Disease In Norrbotten (OLIN) study, where higher reference values were presented for Swedish subjects than those given by the GLI model.
Results: No differences were found in the age-dependency of pulmonary function between the LMS model developed in the study and the OLIN model. Although the study group included smokers, the original GLI reference values suggested significantly lower normal values of FEV (forced expiratory volume) and FVC (forced vital capacity), and consequently fewer subjects below the lower limit of normality, than both the rederived LMS and OLIN models.
Conclusions: Our results are in line with previous reports and support that the original GLI reference values underestimate pulmonary function in the adult Swedish population. This underestimation could be reduced by updating the coefficients in the underlying LMS model based on a larger cohort of Swedish citizens than was available in this study.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-023-02403-w | DOI Listing |
J Comput Assist Tomogr
December 2024
From the Functional Department, Leshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Leshan, China.
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Chaos
January 2025
Division of Dynamics, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland.
This paper examines the circumstances under which a one-degree-of-freedom approximate system can be employed to predict the dynamics of a cantilever beam comprising an elastic element with a significant mass and a concentrated mass embedded at its end, impacting a moving rigid base. A reference model of the system was constructed using the finite element method, and an approximate lowest-order model was proposed that could be useful in engineering practice for rapidly ascertaining the dynamics of the system, particularly for predicting both periodic and chaotic motions. The number of finite elements in the reference model was determined based on the calculated values of natural frequencies, which were found to correspond to the values of natural frequencies derived from the application of analytical formulas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Employee Health Department, General Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Türkiye.
Introduction: Chronic diseases have become a significant public health problem with the prolongation of human life. There are four main behavioral risk factors for mortality. This study evaluated the significant risk factors for chronic diseases in university hospital employees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Pharmacy, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University Quetta, Quetta, Pakistan.
Controlled-release microparticles offer a promising avenue for enhancing patient compliance and minimizing dosage frequency. In this study, we aimed to design controlled-release microparticles of Glipizide utilizing Eudragit S100 and Methocel K 100 M polymers as controlling agents. The microparticles were fabricated through a simple solvent evaporation method, employing various drug-to-polymer ratios to formulate different controlled-release batches labeled as F1 to F5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergol Immunopathol (Madr)
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
Background: Familial Mediterranean Fever is a common genetic autoinflammatory disease prevalent in the Mediterranean region. The clinical course of the disease is characterized by fever and serositis attacks. While defects in the innate immune system are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, the impact of the adaptive immune system remains unclear.
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