VNU Key Laboratory of Geoenvironment and Climate Change Response, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Published: October 2023
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Stable isotope signatures (δC, δN) and trace elements (TEs) were analyzed from invertebrates and fish to assess food web structure and the biomagnification or biodilution of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Cr, Hg and As in coastal waters of Ha Tinh Province, Central Vietnam. δC and δN values of purported food sources (sediments, phytoplankton, macroalgae, and zooplankton) ranged from -21.24 ± 0.39‰ to -16.72 ± 1.02‰ and from 3.02 ± 0.70‰ to 7.30 ± 0.42‰, respectively. The δC and δN values in invertebrates and fish ranged from -19.75 ± 0.10‰ to -18.68 ± 0.40‰, and from 7.02 ± 1.21‰ to 9.10 ± 0.29‰. The δN values showed that the food web structure could be divided into four trophic levels. The benthic invertebrates had significantly higher concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and As. Hg concentrations tended to accumulate higher in the crabs and fish. The biodilution of Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr was observed throughout the food web, whereas biomagnification was observed for Cr, Mn, and As in bivalves; Cd and Zn in gastropods; Pb, Cd, Zn, and As in crabs; Cd in prawns and Hg in fish.
Purpose: To compare VEP and fMRI as a means of detecting the abnormal visual projections in albinism in different stimulation conditions.
Methods: Cortical response to monocular full-field pattern-onset and hemifield pattern-onset and -reversal stimulation of 18 subjects with a known diagnosis of albinism, 17 control subjects, and 6 control subjects with infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) was determined by VEP and fMRI. An asymmetry index was used to quantify the extent of response lateralization as measured by both VEP and fMRI.
Protein synthesis and turnover in ruminal micro-organisms were assessed by stable-isotope methods in order to follow independently the fate of amino acid (AA)-C and -N in different AA. Rumen fluid taken from sheep receiving a grass hay-concentrate diet were strained and incubated in vitro with starch-cellobiose-xylose in the presence of NH3 and 5 g algal protein hydrolysate (APH)/l, in incubations where the labels were (15)NH3, [(15)N]APH or [(13)C]APH. Total (15)N incorporation was calculated from separate incubations with (15)NH3 and [(15)N]APH, and net N synthesis from the increase in AA in protein-bound material.
