The anorectal region is a commonly misunderstood area of the gastrointestinal tract, but a thorough understanding of the anatomy provides significant insight into anorectal pathology and pathophysiology. This knowledge can thus guide optimal medical and surgical management of either benign or malignant disease processes. This quiz contains clinically relevant concepts and anatomical pearls meant for surgeons at all stages of training to be able to review and improve one's fund of knowledge of the anatomy and function of the anal canal.
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Sex-related differences in the morphology of rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in C57BL/6NCrSlc mice.
Histol Histopathol
December 2024
Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
Sex hormones regulate gut function and mucosal immunity; however, their specific effects on the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the rectum of mammals remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the influence of sex on MALT in the rectum of mammals by focusing on the rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (RMALTs) of C57BL/6NCrSIc mice. Histological analysis revealed that RMALTs were predominantly located in the lamina propria and submucosa of the rectal mucosa, with a significant sex-related difference in the distance from the anorectal junction to the first appearance of the RMALT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFeasibility and impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients affected by ano-rectal melanoma.
Tech Coloproctol
January 2025
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Introduction: Anorectal melanoma (ARM) is rare and highly lethal neoplasm. It has a poorer prognosis compared with cutaneous ones. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become the preferred method of nodal staging method for cutaneous melanoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinicopathological features of Lynch syndrome pedigrees with MSH2 c.351G>A gene variant.
Mol Genet Genomic Med
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal-dominant disorder that increases the risk of many cancers. To identify novel or rare pathogenic variants of MMR genes associated with LS, especially in Chinese pedigrees.
Methods: One four-generation Chinese Han family from northeast China with 29 members was enrolled.
Relationship between clinical features and distant metastases in rectal cancer predicted based on a nomogram: a retrospective cohort study.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of General Surgery, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, 024000, People's Republic of China.
Rectal cancer is a prevalent global malignancy. Recurrence and metastasis significantly impact patient survival over the long term. This study aims to identify independent risk factors associated with distant metastases in rectal cancer (RC) patients and develop a prognostic columnar-line diagram.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmiR-105-5p/PTEN Axis Modulates the Immune Response and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Colon Cancer via NF-κB Activation.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Anorectal, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, China.
The underlying regulating mechanisms of miR-105-5p/PTEN in colon cancer (CC) progression are still unknown. MiR-105-5p and PTEN expressions were determined using RT-PCR. PTEN protein levels were examined by western blot.
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