AI Article Synopsis

  • The embryo in maize plays a crucial role in determining kernel-oil content, which is directly linked to the calorific value of the maize kernel.* -
  • A genetic study involving six generations of three maize crosses was conducted to analyze traits related to embryo size and weight, revealing significant interactions and the importance of dominance effects in trait inheritance.* -
  • The results suggest a quantitative inheritance pattern for the traits studied, highlighting the potential for using breeding methods like heterosis to enhance embryo traits and, consequently, kernel-oil content in maize.*

Article Abstract

Embryo is a key determinant of kernel-oil in maize. Higher calorific value of maize kernel is attributed to increment in kernel-oil and it stores in specialised structure called embryo. Understanding the genetic behaviour of embryo size and weight related-traits is inevitable task for genetic improvement of kernel-oil. Here, the six-basic generations (P, P, F, F, BCP and BCP) of three crosses (CRPBIO-962 × EC932601, CRPBIO-973 × CRPBIO-966 and CRPBIO-966 × CRPBIO-979) between contrasting embryo-sized maize inbreds were field evaluated at three locations to decipher the genetics of twenty embryo, kernel and embryo-to-kernel related-traits through generation-mean-analysis (GMA). Combined ANOVA revealed the significance of all the traits among generations; however, location and generation × location were found to be non-significant (P > 0.05) for most of the traits. Significance (P < 0.05) of scaling and joint-scaling tests revealed the presence of non-allelic interactions. Elucidation of six-parameters disclosed the predominance of dominance main-effect (h) and dominance × dominance interaction-effect (l) for most of traits. The signs of (h) and (l) indicated the prevalence of duplicate-epistasis type across crosses and locations. Thus, the population improvement approaches along with heterosis breeding method could be effective for improvement of these traits. Quantitative inheritance pattern was observed for all the traits with high broad-sense heritability and better-stability across locations. The study also predicted one to three major-gene blocks/QTLs for embryo-traits and up to 11 major-gene blocks/QTLs for embryo-to-kernel traits. These findings could provide deep insights to strategize extensive breeding methods to improve embryo traits for enhancing kernel-oil in sustainable manner.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107668DOI Listing

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