In chemistry, theory of aromaticity or π bond resonance plays a central role in intuitively understanding the stability and properties of organic molecules. Here we present an analogue theory for σ bond resonance in flat boron materials, which allows us to determine the distribution of two-center two-electron and three-center two-electron bonds without quantum calculations. Based on this theory, three rules are proposed to draw the Kekulé-like bonding configurations for flat boron materials and to explore their properties intuitively. As an application of the theory, a simple explanation of why neutral borophene with ~1/9 hole has the highest stability and the effect of charge doping on borophene's optimal hole concentration is provided with the assumption of σ and π orbital occupation balance. Like the aromaticity theory for carbon materials, this theory greatly deepens our understanding on boron materials and paves the way for the rational design of various boron-based materials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37442-8 | DOI Listing |
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Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
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Faculty of Mechanics, University Politehnica of Timisoara, Piata Victoriei 2, 300006 Timisoara, Romania.
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January 2025
Institute of Semiconductor Technology (IHT), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Straße 66, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
A novel piezoresistive cantilever microprobe (PCM) with an integrated electrothermal or piezoelectric actuator has been designed to replace current commercial PCMs, which require external actuators to perform contact-resonance imaging (CRI) of workpieces and avoid unwanted "forest of peaks" observed at large travel speed in the millimeter-per-second range. Initially, a PCM with integrated resistors for electrothermal actuation (ETA) was designed, built, and tested. Here, the ETA can be performed with a piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge, which converts mechanical strain into electrical signals by boron diffusion in order to simplify the production process.
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Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland.
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