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Contemporary Issues in Postmastectomy Radiotherapy: A Brief Review.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Northwest Regional Hospital, Rural Clinical School, The University of Tasmania, Burnie, TAS 7320, Australia.
Breast cancer is the one of the most common cancers and causes a significant disease burden. Currently, postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) is indicated for breast cancer patients with higher risk of recurrence, such as those with positive surgical margins or high-risk breast cancer (T3 with positive lymph nodes, ≥4 positive lymph nodes or T4 disease). Whether PMRT should be used in intermediate-risk breast cancer (T3 with no positive lymph nodes or T1-2 with 1-3 positive lymph nodes) is contentious.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe significance of endogenous immune surveillance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains controversial. Using clinical B-ALL samples and a novel mouse model, we show that neoantigen-specific CD4+ T cells are induced to adopt type-1 regulatory (Tr1) function in the leukemia microenvironment. Tr1s then inhibit cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, preventing effective leukemia clearance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoes Approach Matter? Comparison of Early Postoperative Life-threatening Complications in Elderly Patients With Multilevel Cervical Stenosis.
Clin Spine Surg
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Summary Of Background Data: The optimal surgical approach for multilevel cervical stenosis in elderly patients is controversial because of the risk of life-threatening complication.
Objective: To compare life-threatening early complication rates between ≥3 levels anterior and posterior cervical surgery in elderly patients.
Multiple ancestral components and complex origins of the Yugur people in Gansu province revealing by 35 Y-STR.
Yi Chuan
December 2024
Belt and Road Research Center for Forensic Molecular Anthropology, Gansu University of Political Science and Law, Lanzhou 730000, China.
The Yugur people represent one of the ethnic groups residing within the Hexi Corridor, distinguishable by their small population size, linguistic diversity, intricate ancestral components, serving as a quintessential exemplar of the populations inhabiting this corridor. There are still many controversial issues in the academic community regarding the origin, migration, and formation process of the Yugur. In this study, we explored the formation process of the Yugur from the perspective of molecular anthropology, based on the paternal genetic characteristics of the Yugur people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease subtype on surgical and clinical outcomes after direct STA-MCA bypass surgery.
J Neurosurg
December 2024
1Department of Neurosurgery, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York.
Objective: Although well-established in moyamoya disease (MMD), the role of direct superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass in non-MMD (N-MMD) cerebrovascular steno-occlusive syndromes remains controversial. Nonetheless, the recurrent stroke risk in patients with N-MMD, despite best medical management, remains exceedingly high-especially for those suffering from hypoperfusion-related ischemia. The study objective was to determine the relative safety and efficacy profiles of direct STA-MCA bypass surgery for MMD and N-MMD patients in a large contemporary cohort.
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