The purpose of this paper is to introduce new methods to measure the indirect control power of firms in complex corporate shareholding structures using the concept of power indices from cooperative game theory. The proposed measures vary in desirable properties satisfied, as well as in the bargaining models of power indices used to construct them. Hence, they can be used to produce different pictures of the coalitional strength of firms in control of other firms in mutual shareholding networks with the presence of cycles. Precisely, in the framework of Karos and Peters from 2015, ten power indices substitute the original Shapley and Shubik power index in a modular fashion. In this way, we obtain a set of new measures called aggregated indices. The float shareholders typically hold less than 5 percent of the outstanding shares, which is an uncertain element of indirect control in complex shareholding structures. The fuzzy number seems appropriate to model these shareholders' behavior. The novelty is that we model the behavior of float using -fuzzy numbers. The new methods are tested in an example.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10047400PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25030429DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

power indices
16
indirect control
12
control complex
8
complex corporate
8
float shareholders
8
shareholding structures
8
indices
5
power
5
aggregated power
4
indices measuring
4

Similar Publications

Background: Ulcerative colitis patients who undergo ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) without mucosectomy may develop inflammation of the rectal cuff (cuffitis). Treatment of cuffitis typically includes mesalamine suppositories or corticosteroids, but refractory cuffitis may necessitate advanced therapies or procedural interventions. This review aims to summarize the existing literature regarding treatments options for cuffitis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Role of immune cell homeostasis in research and treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Clin Exp Med

January 2025

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China.

Introduction Recently, immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have become crucial in regulating cancer progression and treatment responses. The dynamic interactions between tumors and immune cells are emerging as a promising strategy to activate the host's immune system against various cancers. The development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involve complex biological processes, with the role of the TME and tumor phenotypes still not fully understood.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: In prehospital emergency care, providers face significant challenges in making informed decisions due to factors such as limited cognitive support, high-stress environments, and lack of experience with certain patient conditions. Effective Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) have great potential to alleviate these challenges. However, such systems have not yet been widely adopted in real-world practice and have been found to cause workflow disruptions and usability issues.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Microbial secondary metabolites not only have key roles in microbial processes and relationships but are also valued in various sectors of today's economy, especially in human health and agriculture. The advent of genome sequencing has revealed a previously untapped reservoir of biosynthetic capacity for secondary metabolites indicating that there are new biochemistries, roles and applications of these molecules to be discovered. New predictive tools for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and their associated pathways have provided insights into this new diversity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a vital food crop and staple diet for most of the world's population. Poor dietary choices have had a significant role in the development of type-2 diabetes in the population that relies on rice and rice-starch-based foods. Hence, our study investigated the in vitro digestion and glycemic indices of certain indigenous rice cultivars and the factors influencing these indices.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!