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Dispersal is a fundamental aspect of primates' lives and influences both population and community structuring, as well as species evolution. Primates disperse within an environmental context, where both local and intervening environmental factors affect all phases of dispersal. To date, research has primarily focused on how the intervening landscape influences primate dispersal, with few assessing the effects of local habitat characteristics. Here, we use a landscape genetics approach to examine between- and within-site environmental drivers of short-range black-and-white ruffed lemur () dispersal in the Ranomafana region of southeastern Madagascar. We identified the most influential drivers of short-range ruffed lemur dispersal as being between-site terrain ruggedness and canopy height, more so than any within-site habitat characteristic evaluated. Our results suggest that ruffed lemurs disperse through the least rugged terrain that enables them to remain within their preferred tall-canopied forest habitat. Furthermore, we noted a scale-dependent environmental effect when comparing our results to earlier landscape characteristics identified as driving long-range ruffed lemur dispersal. We found that forest structure drives short-range dispersal events, whereas forest presence facilitates long-range dispersal and multigenerational gene flow. Together, our findings highlight the importance of retaining high-quality forests and forest continuity to facilitate dispersal and maintain functional connectivity in ruffed lemurs.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10048730 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14030746 | DOI Listing |
Am J Primatol
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Animal Behaviour & Wildlife Conservation Group, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK.
The Alaotran gentle lemur (Hapalemur Alaotrensis) is one of the most endangered primates in the world and shows a low success rate in captive breeding programmes. We tested a novel scent enrichment, made up of a synthesized mixture likely conveying information about female fertility, on four unsuccessful breeding pairs (n = 8 subjects) living at the Jersey, Birmingham, London (United Kingdom) and Mulhouse (France) zoos. We evaluated the effects of the scent enrichment on behavior (515 h of observation) and fecal endocrinology (cortisol and testosterone measurements) (n = 180 samples) comparing pre- enrichment, enrichment and post- enrichment phases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Primatol
November 2024
Higher Education, University Centre Sparsholt, Westley Lane, Sparsholt, Winchester, UK.
Whole food diets in zoos have the potential to reduce microbial contamination and keeper preparation time, whilst also reducing food nutrient breakdown. Given these benefits, it is important to determine whether there is any value in chopping up food. Lemurs (Family Lemuridae) are common in zoos, with over 7500 individuals housed globally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2024
Faculty of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology, Human Biology & Primate Cognition, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Behavioral contagion is thought to play a significant role in social synchronization and coordination across animal taxa. While there is extensive evidence of behavioral contagion in Haplorrhines (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Primatol
December 2024
Endocrinology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.
The measurement of biomarkers in blood and excreta can enable immune status assessment and provide prognostic information on individual health outcomes. In this respect, the fecal measurement of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), the primary mammalian antibody for mucosal defense, has recently received increased interest in a few anthropoid primates, but a fecal sIgA assay for use in strepsirrhine primates has not yet been reported. Here, we develop and analytically validate a cost-effective in-house sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the extraction and measurement of sIgA in feces of redfronted lemurs (Eulemur rufifrons).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Primatol (Basel)
October 2024
Red Book Challenge Conservation Education Madagascar, 97 Elgin Avenue East Goderich, ON, N7A 1K5, Canada.
Opportunities for young people to directly experience nature can have positive impacts on the individual, the social group and on society as a whole, through future increased conservation action. We developed a program which engaged young people from Fort Dauphin in a field trip to see wild animals at Nahampoana Reserve. Our aim in offering field trips to young people living in the city was to create a positive emotional opportunity to engage directly with nature with the ultimate goal of protecting lemurs and their habitat.
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