Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Glyceryl 1,3-Distearate Identified from Extract against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens.

is widely used as a traditional medicine in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia. Although its effectiveness is well documented, its therapeutic use is limited to the treatment of only a few diseases; mostly it is used as an anti-viral agent against varicella-zoster and herpes simplex virus infections. Herein, we demonstrate the therapeutic activity of extracts in lowering inflammation in a model of bovine mastitis caused by bacterial infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative bacterial component, caused inflammation activation in bovine endothelial cells (CPAE) through the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines ( and ) and chemokines ( and ) gene expression, partially leading to cell death. Treatment with crude extract significantly diminished these responses in a dose-dependent manner. The solvent fractionation of extract revealed that the ethyl acetate (CHO) fractions had a high potential to protect against cell death and diminished , , , and levels to less than 0.45 folds relative to the LPS-treated control. Glyceryl 1,3-distearate (CHO) was identified as a bioactive compound responsible for the anti-inflammation activity but not the anti-cell death activity of extract. This study highlighted the efficiency of as an alternative therapeutic option for the natural-product sustainable development of bovine mastitis treatment.