Evaluation of Outcomes of Acute Cataract Surgery-Related Endophthalmitis Using a Novel Management Algorithm Based on Presenting Risk Factors.

Purpose: Develop treatment algorithm for acute endophthalmitis (AE) following cataract surgery.

Methods: Retrospective single-center, non-randomized interventional study involving patients with AE divided into cohorts according to our novel scoring system, the Acute Cataract surgery-related Endophthalmitis Severity (ACES) score. Total score ≥3 points indicated need for urgent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV; within 24 hours), whereas <3 points indicated urgent PPV was unnecessary. Patients were retrospectively evaluated for visual outcomes based on whether their clinical course followed with or deviated from ACES score recommendations. Main outcome was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6-month or longer after treatment.

Results: Total of 150 patients were analyzed. Patients whose clinical course followed the ACES score recommendation for immediate surgery had significantly ( < 0.01) better final BCVA (median = 0.18 logMAR, 20/30 Snellen) compared to those that deviated (median = 0.70 logMAR, 20/100 Snellen). For those where the ACES score deemed urgent PPV was unnecessary, no significant ( = 0.19) difference was observed between patients that followed with (median = 0.18 logMAR, 20/30 Snellen) and those that deviated from (median = 0.10 logMAR, 20/25 Snellen) recommendation.

Conclusions: The ACES score may potentially provide critical and updated management guidance at presentation for when to recommend urgent PPV for patients suffering from post-cataract surgery AE.