Characterization of adhesion, anti-adhesion, co-aggregation, and hydrophobicity of and probiotic strains.

Objectives: To characterize the adhesion ability of nine strains and eight probiotics in human oral keratinocyte cells (H357 cells) in comparison to intestinal cells (Caco-2 and HIEC-6 cells). Subsequently, the anti-adhesion and co-aggregation abilities of the selected probiotic strains on strains were investigated.

Methods: Nine strains, including ATCC43504 (type strain), and 8 clinical strains, were isolated from oral samples of three patients (one non-disease, one gastritis patient, and one gastric cancer patient). Eight selected probiotic strains were used, as follows: SD1, SD4 SD11, SD7, GG, ATCC-PTA6475, Shirota, and CNCM I-1572. The adhesion and anti-adhesion abilities of and the probiotic strains were investigated in H357, Caco-2, and HIEC-6 cells. Co-aggregation at various pHs, hydrophobicity, and surface receptors of the cell lines for strains were examined.

Results: All probiotic and strains adhered to H357 significantly better than Caco-2, and HIEC-6 cells. Three probiotic strains (SD7, SD4, SD11) showed significantly higher adhesion than others. Of the clinical strains, isolates from a gastric cancer patient had the highest adhesion ability to all of the cell lines tested. Probiotic strains that exhibited high adhesion ability provided high anti-adhesion and co-aggregation against strains. Acidic conditions encouraged the co-aggregation of probiotics to strains.

Conclusion: This study provides information relating to the adhesion abilities of clinical and probiotic strains to the oral mucosa when compared to the intestinal mucosa. Certain probiotic strains may be useful for the successful eradication of infection anti-adhesion and co-aggregation.