Within the last decade, ultrasound has been "rediscovered" as a technique for brain therapies. Modern technologies allow focusing ultrasound through the human skull for highly focal tissue ablation, clinical neuromodulatory brain stimulation, and targeted focal blood-brain-barrier opening. This article gives an overview on the state-of-the-art of the most recent application: ultrasound neuromodulation as a new brain therapy. Although research centers have existed for decades, the first treatment centers were not established until 2020, and clinical applications are spreading rapidly.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202205634 | DOI Listing |
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Braşov, Romania.
: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) and oxidative stress play major contributions in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Diabetes is a pathological state associated with endothelial damage and enhanced oxidative stress. This study evaluated endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in patients with severe coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, comparing those with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ovarian Res
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and the presence of polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) on ultrasound, often accompanied by metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and obesity. Current treatments, including oral contraceptives and anti-androgen medications, often yield limited efficacy and undesirable side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins (Basel)
January 2025
Doctor Negrín University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Pl. Barranco de la Ballena s/n, 35010 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
The study aimed to identify expert opinions and obtain recommendations on the management of post-stroke hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) and treatment with botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A). A multicenter Delphi study was conducted using an online survey designed by a committee of experts with at least 10 years of experience in post-stroke HSP management with BoNT-A in Spain. Forty-seven panelists (specialists with at least 5 years of experience in post-stroke HSP management with BoNT-A) rated their level of agreement in two rounds based on acceptance by ≥66.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
January 2025
Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
Neuromodulation stands as a cutting-edge approach in the fields of neuroscience and therapeutic intervention typically involving the regulation of neural activity through physical and chemical stimuli. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and evaluation of different neuromodulation techniques, anticipating a clearer understanding of the future developmental trajectories and the challenges faced within the domain of neuromodulation that can be achieved. This review categorizes neuromodulation techniques into genetic neuromodulation methods (including optogenetics, chemogenetics, sonogenetics, and magnetogenetics) and non-genetic neuromodulation methods (including deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial ultrasound stimulation, photobiomodulation therapy, infrared neuromodulation, electromagnetic stimulation, sensory stimulation therapy, and multi-physical-factor stimulation techniques).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neural Circuits
January 2025
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Advanced MRI Research Center, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
The substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), one of the main dopaminergic nuclei of the brain, exerts a regulatory function on the basal ganglia circuitry via the nigro-striatal pathway but its possible dopaminergic innervation of the thalamus has been only investigated in non-human primates. The impossibility of tract-tracing studies in humans has boosted advanced MRI techniques and multi-shell high-angular resolution diffusion MRI (MS-HARDI) has promised to shed more light on the structural connectivity of subcortical structures. Here, we estimated the possible dopaminergic innervation of the human thalamus via an MS-HARDI tractography of the SNc in healthy human young adults.
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