Prevalence of coinfections in a cross-sectional cohort of women screened for multiple pathogens in Peru.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including , and among asymptomatic women with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 842 asymptomatic women from Cajamarca, Peru. The pathogens were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the results were analyzed according to the HPV status: high-risk HPV, low-risk HPV and negative for HPV. Demographical and gyneco-obstetric data was analyzed to identify risk factors.

Results: We found that 23.99% (202/842) women were positive for HPV, of whom 79.21% (160/202) were infected with a high-risk genotype. Co-infections were evaluated and 14.38% (23/160) were positive for , 9.38% (15/160) for and 1.25% (2/160) for We found a significant association between HPV genotype and the number of children, partners, and history of sexual abuse. The co-infection between high-risk HPV and was associated with number of abortions, number of sexual partners and no use of condom. Finally, co-infection between high-risk HPV and was associated with no use of condom and history of STIs.

Conclusion: HPV infection continues to be a highly relevant problem in Peru, particularly due to the high prevalence of high-risk genotypes. In addition, we report high rates of co-infections with other STIs, such as and . We highlight the importance of active surveillance to promptly diagnose these infections, since they may lead to persistent HPV infections.