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A symbiotic physical niche in Drosophila melanogaster regulates stable association of a multi-species gut microbiota. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The gut hosts diverse bacteria from various sources, but the microbiome remains stable for different host species, indicating that certain factors help maintain specific bacterial populations.
  • Researchers studied gnotobiotic Drosophila and used specialized techniques to uncover how a physical structure in the fly gut selectively retains specific strains of bacteria.
  • Initial colonizers like Lactobacillus modify the gut environment, which allows non-related bacteria, such as Acetobacter, to establish themselves later, revealing how a stable and diverse microbiome develops.

Article Abstract

The gut is continuously invaded by diverse bacteria from the diet and the environment, yet microbiome composition is relatively stable over time for host species ranging from mammals to insects, suggesting host-specific factors may selectively maintain key species of bacteria. To investigate host specificity, we used gnotobiotic Drosophila, microbial pulse-chase protocols, and microscopy to investigate the stability of different strains of bacteria in the fly gut. We show that a host-constructed physical niche in the foregut selectively binds bacteria with strain-level specificity, stabilizing their colonization. Primary colonizers saturate the niche and exclude secondary colonizers of the same strain, but initial colonization by Lactobacillus species physically remodels the niche through production of a glycan-rich secretion to favor secondary colonization by unrelated commensals in the Acetobacter genus. Our results provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the establishment and stability of a multi-species intestinal microbiome.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10030875PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-36942-xDOI Listing

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