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The Development of an Age-Appropriate Fixed Dose Combination for Tuberculosis Using Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling (PBBM) and Risk Assessment.
Pharmaceutics
December 2024
Simulations Plus, Inc., 42505 10th Street West, Lancaster, CA 93534-7059, USA.
The combination of isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) is indicated for the treatment maintenance phase of tuberculosis (TB) in adults and children. In Brazil, there is no current reference listed drug for this indication in children. Farmanguinhos has undertaken the development of an age-appropriate dispersible tablet to be taken with water for all age groups from birth to adolescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring Relationship Between Immunocompetence, HPA Axis Functioning and Performances of Preweaning Dairy Calves.
Animals (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Cortisol and DHEA(S) are markers of allostatic load and resilience; as such, they may be added to the definition of performance measures alongside immunocompetence. We aimed at studying the potential carryover effects of management practices on growth performances and the interrelationship between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, immunocompetence and performances during the preweaning period in dairy calves. This study consisted of first a retrospective cohort study and second a prospective study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObesity after Natural disasters and Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Background: Natural disasters occur unexpectedly, leading to long-term consequences like obesity. That contributes to various noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. This review aimed to examine the link between natural disasters and obesity, along with related risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDepressive symptoms in older adults are associated with changes in stress-related markers, functional connectivity and brain volume.
Alzheimers Res Ther
January 2025
Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", NeuroPresage Team, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, GIP Cyceron, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP 5229, Caen, 14074, France.
Background: Subclinical depressive symptoms increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The neurobiological mechanisms underlying this link may involve stress system dysfunction, notably related to the hippocampus which is particularly sensitive to AD. We aimed to investigate the links between blood stress markers and changes in brain regions involved in the stress response in older adults with or without subclinical depressive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn E-Delphi study to facilitate animal welfare assessment in Italian zoos and aquaria.
PLoS One
January 2025
Italian National Reference Center for Animal Welfare, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 'Bruno Ubertini', Brescia, Italy.
Ensuring animal welfare is a key aspect of animal management in zoological facilities and aquaria, representing a pivotal facet of their mission. Italy currently lacks a comprehensive and valuable assessment methodology for evaluating the welfare of captive animals. To address this gap, the present study aimed to identify the most important criteria that should be considered in the welfare management and assessment of animals housed in Italian zoos and aquaria.
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