Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Published: June 2023
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Tauopathies, which include frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy, are a class of neurological disorders resulting from pathogenic tau aggregates. These aggregates disrupt neuronal health and function leading to the cognitive and physical decline of tauopathy patients. Genome-wide association studies and clinical evidence have brought to light the large role of the immune system in inducing and driving tau-mediated pathology. More specifically, innate immune genes are found to harbor tauopathy risk alleles, and innate immune pathways are upregulated throughout the course of disease. Experimental evidence has expanded on these findings by describing pivotal roles for the innate immune system in the regulation of tau kinases and tau aggregates. In this review, we summarize the literature implicating innate immune pathways as drivers of tauopathy.
Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China.
Background: Patients receiving chest radiation therapy, or exposed to high radiation levels due to accidental nuclear leakage are at risk of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). In innate immunity, macrophages not only exhibit certain radiation tolerance but also play an important regulatory role in the whole pathological process. Nervonic acid (NA), a long-chain unsaturated fatty acid found in nerve tissue, plays a pivotal role in maintaining normal tissue growth and repair.
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a group of systemic autoimmune diseases characterized by muscle weakness and elevated serum creatine kinase levels. Recent research has highlighted the role of the innate immune system, particularly inflammasomes, in the pathogenesis of IIM. This review focuses on the role of inflammasomes, specifically NLRP3 and AIM2, and their associated proteins in the development of IIM.
School of Marine Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol/Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering & Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Marine Ranching of the Lingdingyang Bay, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a key connector protein in interferon (IFN) signaling, crucial for IFN induction during the activation of antiviral innate immunity. In mammals, ring finger protein 5 (RNF5) functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, mediating STING regulation through K150 ubiquitylation to prevent excessive IFN production. However, the mechanisms underlying RNF5's regulation of STING in teleost fish remain unknown.
This editorial aims to elucidate the intricate relationship between vitamin D and viral pathogenesis. It explores the anticipated role of vitamin D as a modulator in the immune response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other viral pathogens. The editorial comments are based on the review article by Engin .
Bluetongue virus (BTV) usually infects sheep, cattle, deer and other domesticated and wild ruminants through the bite of the vector insects, , causing bluetongue (BT). BT in subtropical and even temperate regions poses a serious threat to the development and international trade of the livestock industry. This article introduced the structure and cellular invasion, and summarized the mechanisms of anti-BTV immune response of host cells and antagonism of host cell innate immune response by the non-structural proteins (e.
