Genetic conditions have varied presentations, and one of them is the association with multiple malformation syndrome (MMS), which has a high mortality rate in the immediate postnatal period. Here, we describe a neonate born with multiple anomalies-wide anterior and posterior fontanelle, metopic suture, flat nasal bridge, hypertelorism, low set dysplastic ears, corneal cloudiness, micrognathia, webbed neck, simian crease, undescended testis, hypospadias, congenital talipes equinovarus, hypoplastic inferior cerebellar vermis, poor reflexes, hypotonia and ventricular septal defect. There was a history of sibling death with similar malformations, pointing towards a genetic aetiology. Clinical exome sequencing yielded the diagnosis of Zellweger syndrome with a rare mutation in gene. Inherited metabolic syndromes frequently masquerade as malformations, but family history of an affected sibling and clinical suspicion aided diagnosis of the infant.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-252014 | DOI Listing |
Ann Med
December 2025
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine & Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University Medina, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Background: Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD) affect multiple organ systems. It is characterized by neurological dysfunction, hypotonia, ocular anomalies, craniofacial abnormalities, and absence of peroxisomes in fibroblasts. PBDs are associated with mutations in any of fourteen different genes, which are involved in peroxisome biogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProg Retin Eye Res
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive inherited retinal dystrophy, characterized by the degeneration of photoreceptors, presenting as a rod-cone dystrophy. Approximately 20-30% of patients with RP also exhibit extra-ocular manifestations in the context of a syndrome. This manuscript discusses the broad spectrum of syndromes associated with RP, pathogenic mechanisms, clinical manifestations, differential diagnoses, clinical management approaches, and future perspectives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
Human peroxisomal biogenesis disorders of the Zellweger syndrome spectrum affect skeletal development and induce tooth malformations. Whereas several peroxisomal knockout mouse studies elucidated the pathogenesis of skeletal defects, little information is available on how dental pathologies arise in peroxisomal biogenesis disorder patients. To understand the impact of severe peroxisomal dysfunction on early odontogenesis, here we performed morphometric studies on developing molars of new-born Pex11b knockout mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Med Genet A
December 2024
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
Peroxisome biogenesis disorders-Zellweger spectrum disorder (PBD-ZSD) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in the genes involved in peroxisome biogenesis. PBD-ZSD presentations vary in severity, and treatment of PBD-ZSD remains supportive focused on specific complications. A few reported cases of the use of liver transplantation to treat either neurological symptoms or liver dysfunction and cirrhosis in PBD-ZSD have been published.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pediatr
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background: Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSDs) are a group of peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBDs) with different variants in the PEX genes. The main biochemical marker for screening peroxisomal disorders is very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). The study reveals a rare case of PBD in the Zellweger spectrum in which she had normal plasma VLCFA levels.
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