AI Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how stomatal patterns form in plant leaves, focusing on Arabidopsis embryos that utilize specific genetic and developmental factors for creating evenly spaced stomatal precursor cells.
- - Research across 36 plant species shows that this embryonic stomatal patterning is common among flowering plants, with a three-stage process involving broad SPCH expression, domain formation, and asymmetric cell division.
- - This embryonic patterning not only facilitates quick stomatal differentiation and photosynthetic efficiency after germination but also controls how additional stomata develop as the leaf grows, using regulatory mechanisms to manage cell fate transitions.
Article Abstract
Plant leaves feature epidermal stomata that are organized in stereotyped patterns. How does the pattern originate? We provide transcriptomic, imaging, and genetic evidence that Arabidopsis embryos engage known stomatal fate and patterning factors to create regularly spaced stomatal precursor cells. Analysis of embryos from 36 plant species indicates that this trait is widespread among angiosperms. Embryonic stomatal patterning in Arabidopsis is established in three stages: first, broad SPEECHLESS (SPCH) expression; second, coalescence of SPCH and its targets into discrete domains; and third, one round of asymmetric division to create stomatal precursors. Lineage progression is then halted until after germination. We show that the embryonic stomatal pattern enables fast stomatal differentiation and photosynthetic activity upon germination, but it also guides the formation of additional stomata as the leaf expands. In addition, key stomatal regulators are prevented from driving the fate transitions they can induce after germination, identifying stage-specific layers of regulation that control lineage progression during embryogenesis.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2023.02.014 | DOI Listing |
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