Background: Three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging and morphometrics are becoming the preferred craniofacial surface imaging modality. However, as a unique advantage of 3D imaging, areal and volumetric measurements have been rarely conducted and validated for evaluating soft tissue change in the periocular region, especially the upper eyelids. Therefore, based on an existing periocular landmark identification strategy, we proposed a novel modified method to define a standardized upper eyelid region for areal and volumetric measurements and validate its reliability for future clinical application.
Methods: Forty-four healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Three-dimensional facial images were taken with a 3D imaging system. Subsequently, the upper eyelid region selection and areal and volumetric measurements were conducted using a modified landmarks localization strategy to evaluate their intrarater, interrater, and intramethod reliability.
Results: Areal measurement of the upper eyelid revealed highly reliable outcomes for intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), mean absolute difference (MAD), relative error measurement (REM), technical error of measurement (TEM), and relative technical error of measurement (%TEM) of 0.982, 0.1620 cm, 2.9%, 0.1510 cm, and 2.7% for intrarater reliability, respectively; 0.969, 0.2076 cm, 3.7%, 0.1930 cm, and 3.5% for interrater reliability, respectively; and 0.917, 0.3636 cm, 6.5%, 0.3354 cm, and 6.0% for intramethod reliability, respectively. Unsatisfactory results were found for the volumetric measurement of the upper eyelid: the ICC, MAD, REM, TEM, and %TEM estimates for intrarater reliability were 0.992, 0.2299 mL, 10.3%, 0.2414 mL, and 10.8%, respectively; for interrater reliability, these values were 0.985, 0.2749 mL, 12.3%, 0.3253 mL, and 14.6%, respectively; and for intramethod reliability, these values were 0.433, 1.6716 mL, 77.9%, 2.0615 mL, and 96.1%, respectively.
Conclusions: This is the first study to propose a standardized upper eyelid region selection strategy and simultaneously validate its reliability for 3D areal and volumetric measurements. This study confirmed the high-level reliability of areal measurement and poor reliability of volumetric measurement based on direct measurements using a single image, which may provide better results when this method is combined with the image overlapping and registration procedure. However, this is subject to further validation. Nonetheless, this method could provide quantitative areal and volumetric data on the upper eyelids and might have widespread application potential in the future.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10006124 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/qims-22-589 | DOI Listing |
Int Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of a comprehensive surgical approach for rejuvenation of the aging lower periorbita.
Methods: Between February 2018 and January 2023, 80 eyes of 40 patients with lower lid dermatochalasis (LLD), lower lid laxity (LLL) or orbicularis laxity of the lower lid (OL) admitted to the oculoplastic surgery department of our clinic were included in the study. 18 eyes had LLD, 14 eyes had LLL, 18 eyes had LLD and LLL, and 30 eyes had LLD, LLL and OL.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg
November 2024
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa, Japan.
Chemodenervation with botulinum A toxin and neuromuscular retraining therapy are commonly performed as first-line treatments for postparalytic facial nerve syndrome (PFS). However, their effects are temporary, and side effects typically develop. Currently available selective neurectomy approaches are limited by variations in the anatomy of the peripheral branches of the facial nerve and the ability to reduce perioral synkinesis, but not periocular synkinesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniofac Surg
December 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou.
Objective: The infrabrow blepharoplasty is a common surgical operation indicated in Asians for periorbital rejuvenation. This operation alone is difficult to achieve the correction of crow's feet. Therefore, the authors elucidate the authors' experiences of applying infrabrow blepharoplasty combined with the subcutaneous undermining of the lateral periorbital region to treat upper eyelid dermatochalasis with lateral hooding deformity and alleviate crow's feet, including its indications, operative procedures, and postoperative outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
Background: The injection of local anesthetics, an extremely painful procedure, leads to a reduction of patients' acceptance.
Objective: To investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of 4% tetracaine gel (TG) and lidocaine-prilocaine cream (LPC) on reducing the local anesthetic injection pain for upper eyelid blepharoplasty.
Methods: Sixty participants were equally divided into three groups.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
Purpose: Thyroid eye disease-related retraction and strabismus treatment is complicated by the activity level of the disease. Botulinum toxin injection can provide relief of symptoms in lieu of, or while waiting for surgery, radiation, or alternative medications. This study reviews techniques, outcomes, and effectiveness of botulinum toxin usage in thyroid eye disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!