AI Article Synopsis
- FOXP3 regulatory T cells (Treg) need low levels of exogenous IL-2 for survival and function, yet the mechanism of how they access this IL-2 from the extracellular matrix (ECM) is unclear.* -
- This study reveals that Treg utilize heparanase (HPSE) to extract IL-2 that is bound to heparan sulfate in inflamed central nervous system tissues, differentiating them from conventional T cells.* -
- While Treg with low HPSE expression show reduced stability and function in conditions like multiple sclerosis, enhancing HPSE expression improves their capability to access IL-2 and supports potential therapies for autoimmune diseases.*
Article Abstract
FOXP3 regulatory T cells (Treg) depend on exogenous IL-2 for their survival and function, but circulating levels of IL-2 are low, making it unclear how Treg access this critical resource . Here, we show that Treg use heparanase (HPSE) to access IL-2 sequestered by heparan sulfate (HS) within the extracellular matrix (ECM) of inflamed central nervous system tissue. HPSE expression distinguishes human and murine Treg from conventional T cells and is regulated by the availability of IL-2. HPSE Treg have impaired stability and function , including the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Conversely, endowing Treg with HPSE enhances their ability to access HS-sequestered IL-2 and their tolerogenic function . Together, these data identify novel roles for HPSE and the ECM in immune tolerance, providing new avenues for improving Treg-based therapy of autoimmunity.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10002643 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.26.529772 | DOI Listing |
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