Point-of-care optical devices in clinical imaging and screening: A review on the state of the art.

Integration of optical technologies in biomedical sciences permitted light manipulation at smaller time-length scales for specific detection and imaging of biological entities. Similarly, advances in consumer electronics and wireless telecommunications strengthened the development of affordable and portable point-of-care (POC) optical devices, circumventing the necessity of conventional clinical analyses by trained personnel. However, many of the POC optical technologies translated from bench to bedside require industrial support for their commercialization and dissemination to the population. This review aims to demonstrate the intriguing progress and challenges of emerging POC devices utilizing optics for clinical imaging (depth-resolved and perfusion imaging) and screening (infections, cancer, cardiac health, and haematologic disorders) with a focus on research studies over the previous 3 years. Special attention is given to POC optical devices that can be utilized in resource-constrained environments.