Numerical simulation of laser-produced plasma expansion on a droplet surface.

In this study, a numerical model of the plasma expansion on a droplet surface based on the initial plasma method was proposed. The initial plasma was obtained through the pressure inlet boundary condition, and the effect of ambient pressure on the initial plasma and adiabatic expansion of the plasma on the droplet surface, including the effect on the velocity and temperature distribution, were investigated. The simulation results showed that the ambient pressure decreased, leading to an increase in the expansion rate and temperature, and therefore a larger plasma size was formed. Plasma expansion creates a backward driving force and eventually envelops the entire droplet, indicating a significant difference compared to planar targets.