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An enhanced classification system of various rice plant diseases based on multi-level handcrafted feature extraction technique.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Information Technology Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
The rice plant is one of the most significant crops in the world, and it suffers from various diseases. The traditional methods for rice disease detection are complex and time-consuming, mainly depending on the expert's experience. The explosive growth in image processing, computer vision, and deep learning techniques provides effective and innovative agriculture solutions for automatically detecting and classifying these diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnveiling the embryo structure in Bromeliaceae Juss. (Poales): morphological diversity, anatomy, and character evolution.
Ann Bot
December 2024
Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal (LAVeg), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Background And Aims: Recent studies have documented numerous morphoanatomical variations for the seed coat in Bromeliaceae. However, the structural diversity and character evolution of the embryo within this family remain largely unexplored. Given the embryo's significance in plant diversification, this research aims to investigate the morphology and key anatomical features of Bromeliaceae embryos, providing insights into character evolution, taxonomic applications, and reproductive biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolutionary diversification of C2 photosynthesis in the grass genus Homolepis (Arthropogoninae).
Ann Bot
December 2024
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St., Ontario, Canada.
Background And Aims: To better understand C4 evolution in monocots, we characterized C3-C4 intermediate phenotypes in the grass genus Homolepis (subtribe Arthropogoninae).
Methods: Carbon isotope ratio (δ13C), leaf gas exchange, mesophyll (M) to bundle sheath (BS) tissue characteristics, organelle size and numbers in M and BS tissue, and tissue distribution of the P-subunit of glycine decarboxylase (GLDP) were determined for five Homolepis species and the C4 grass Mesosetum loliiforme from a phylogenetic sister clade. We generated a transcriptome-based phylogeny for Homolepis and Mesosetum species to interpret physiological and anatomical patterns in an evolutionary context, and to test for hybridization.
Leaf angle regulation toward a maize smart canopy.
Plant J
December 2024
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Dense planting of single-cross hybrids contributes to maize yield increase over the past decades. Leaf angle, an important agronomic trait relevant to planting density, plays a fundamental role in light penetration into the canopy and photosynthetic efficiency. Leaf angle is a key parameter of plant architecture in the concept of smart canopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell wall thickness spectrum of photosynthetic cells in herbaceous C, C, and crassulacean acid metabolism plants.
J Plant Res
December 2024
Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Higher plants are classified into three main photosynthetic groups: C, C, and CAM plants, each potentially having different cell wall thickness (T) impacting CO diffusion.
- A study using electron microscopy found that mesophyll cell thickness was significantly greater in CAM species compared to C and C species, while contrasting trends in bundle sheath cell thickness were observed between C and C species.
- The research indicated that outdoor-grown plants had higher cell wall thickness compared to those grown in a controlled environment, aiding in understanding how CO diffusion and leakage vary among different photosynthetic groups.
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