A receive signal strength (RSS) fingerprinting-based indoor wireless localization system (I-WLS) uses a localization machine learning (ML) algorithm to estimate the location of an indoor user using RSS measurements as the position-dependent signal parameter (PDSP). There are two stages in the system's localization process: the offline phase and the online phase. The offline phase starts with the collection and generation of RSS measurement vectors from radio frequency (RF) signals received at fixed reference locations, followed by the construction of an RSS radio map. In the online phase, the instantaneous location of an indoor user is found by searching the RSS-based radio map for a reference location whose RSS measurement vector corresponds to the user's instantaneously acquired RSS measurements. The performance of the system depends on a number of factors that are present in both the online and offline stages of the localization process. This survey identifies these factors and examines how they impact the overall performance of the 2-dimensional (2-D) RSS fingerprinting-based I-WLS. The effects of these factors are discussed, as well as previous researchers' suggestions for minimizing or mitigating them and future research trends in RSS fingerprinting-based I-WLS.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23052545 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
October 2024
Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, 710121, China.
Indoor localization using Wi-Fi fingerprinting based on Received Signal Strength (RSS) has gained widespread attention due to its immunity to external factors and ability to penetrate obstacles. The localization process involves an offline phase for building a radio map and an online phase for matching location queries. Existing matching algorithms often prioritize enhancing online phase accuracy, overlooking the importance of offline data preprocessing, which can negatively impact overall performance.
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June 2023
College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
Indoor localization is one of the key techniques for location-based services (LBSs), which play a significant role in applications in confined spaces, such as tunnels and mines. To achieve indoor localization in confined spaces, the channel state information (CSI) of WiFi can be selected as a feature to distinguish locations due to its fine-grained characteristics compared with the received signal strength (RSS). In this paper, two indoor localization approaches based on CSI fingerprinting were designed: amplitude-of-CSI-based indoor fingerprinting localization (AmpFi) and full-dimensional CSI-based indoor fingerprinting localization (FuFi).
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June 2023
Internet of Things and People Research Center, Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Malmö University, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden.
User location is becoming an increasingly common and important feature for a wide range of services. Smartphone owners increasingly use location-based services, as service providers add context-enhanced functionality such as car-driving routes, COVID-19 tracking, crowdedness indicators, and suggestions for nearby points of interest. However, positioning a user indoors is still problematic due to the fading of the radio signal caused by multipath and shadowing, where both have complex dependencies on the indoor environment.
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February 2023
Department of Informatics and Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
A receive signal strength (RSS) fingerprinting-based indoor wireless localization system (I-WLS) uses a localization machine learning (ML) algorithm to estimate the location of an indoor user using RSS measurements as the position-dependent signal parameter (PDSP). There are two stages in the system's localization process: the offline phase and the online phase. The offline phase starts with the collection and generation of RSS measurement vectors from radio frequency (RF) signals received at fixed reference locations, followed by the construction of an RSS radio map.
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February 2022
School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Cellular signaling data is widely available in mobile communications and contains abundant movement sensing information of individual travelers. Using cellular signaling data to estimate the trajectories of mobile users can benefit many location-based applications, including infectious disease tracing and screening, network flow sensing, traffic scheduling, etc. However, conventional methods rely too much on heuristic hypotheses or hardware-dependent network fingerprinting approaches.
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