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The influence of high-fat diet on nicotine vapor self-administration, neuronal excitability, and leptin levels in adult mice.
Physiol Behav
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C Edwards School of Medicine at Marshall University, 1700 3(rd) Avenue, Huntington, WV 25703, USA. Electronic address:
With the rise in fast-food culture and the continued high numbers of tobacco-related deaths, there has been a great deal of interest in understanding the relationship between high-fat diet (HFD) and nicotine use behaviors. Using adult mice and a patch-clamp electrophysiology assay, we investigated the influence of HFD on the excitability of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons and pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) given their role in modulating the reinforcing effects of nicotine and natural rewards. We then examined whether HFD-induced changes in peripheral markers were associated with nicotine use behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVisual cues of respiratory contagion: Their impact on neuroimmune activation and mucosal immune responses in humans.
Brain Behav Immun
January 2025
Department of Biology, Neuroendocrinology and Human Biology Unit, Institute for Animal Cell- and Systems Biology, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, D-22085 Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address:
This study investigated the neural correlates of perceiving visual contagion cues characteristic of respiratory infections through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Sixty-two participants (32f/ 30 m; ∼25 years on average) watched short videos depicting either contagious or non-contagious everyday situations, while their brain activation was continuously measured. We further measured the release of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in saliva to examine the first-line defensive response of the mucosal immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDurable T cell immunity against cancer depends on the continual replenishment of effector CD8+ T cells. Thymic output has been correlated with favorable prognosis in cancer patients across a range of ages, suggesting that the thymus is an important source for replenishing T cells capable of controlling cancer progression. However, the effector potential of thymic mature CD8+ T cells and their regulation have not been clearly defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransdermal electrophysiological recordings of diet-induced small fiber peripheral neuropathy using a needle electrode array in mice and man.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes. Proactive treatment options remain limited, which is exacerbated by a lack of sensitive and convenient diagnostics, especially early in disease progression or specifically to assess small fiber neuropathy (SFN), the loss of distal small diameter axons that innervate tissues and organs.
Methods: We designed, fabricated, tested, and validated a first-of-its-kind medical diagnostic device for the functional assessment of transdermal small fiber nerve activity.
Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is the age-related presence of expanded somatic clones secondary to leukemogenic driver mutations and is associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease and mortality. We sought to evaluate relationships between CHIP with cardiometabolic diseases and incident outcomes in high-risk individuals.
Methods: CHIP genotyping was performed in 8469 individuals referred for cardiac catheterization at Duke University (CATHGEN study) to identify variants present at a variant allele fraction (VAF) ≥2%.
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