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Cytisine compared to combination nicotine replacement therapy to reduce cigarette consumption in relapsed smokers: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Pilot Feasibility Stud
January 2025
University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada.
Background: Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of death and disease, including those related to the cardiovascular system. Cytisine is a plant-based medication, which works in a similar mechanism to varenicline. It is safe, efficacious, and cost-effective for smoking cessation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge and attitude of nosocomial infection prevention and control precautions among healthcare personnel at Kiruddu Referral Hospital in Kampala, Uganda.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda.
Background: A key concern for global public health is nosocomial infections. Essential to the fight against nosocomial infection, is healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes. Therefore, this study investigated healthcare professionals' knowledge and attitudes toward nosocomial infection at the Kiruddu Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal, regional, and national burdens of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents from 1990 to 2021, with forecasts to 2030: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Health Economics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Adolescent diabetes is one of the major public health problems worldwide. This study aims to estimate the burden of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adolescents from 1990 to 2021, and to predict diabetes prevalence through 2030.
Methods: We extracted epidemiologic data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) on T1DM and T2DM among adolescents aged 10-24 years in 204 countries and territories worldwide.
Design and maintenance of medical oxygen concentrators in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
Department of Engineering, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy.
Background: Oxygen therapy is critical and vital treatment for hypoxemia and respiratory distress, however, access to reliable oxygen systems remains limited in SSA. Despite WHO initiatives that distributed over 30,000 OC oxygen concentrators worldwide, SSA faces significant challenges related to their maintenance and use, due to harsh environmental conditions, technical skill shortages and inadequate infrastructure. This review aims to systematically identify and assess the literature on OC design adaptations, maintenance challenges, and knowledge gaps in SSA, providing actionable recommendations to inform innovative and context-sensitive solutions to improve healthcare delivery in the region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScreening high-risk Veterans for cirrhosis: taking a stepwise population health approach.
BMC Health Serv Res
January 2025
VA Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Background: Because cirrhosis is often unrecognized, we aimed to develop a stepwise screening algorithm for cirrhosis in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and assess this approach's feasibility and acceptability.
Methods: VHA hepatology clinicians ("champions") were invited to participate in a pilot program from June 2020 to October 2022. The VHA Corporate Data Warehouse was queried to identify Veterans with possible undiagnosed cirrhosis using Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) ≥ 3.
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