In vitro antimicrobial activity of Bixa orellana L . Leaves extract against anaerobic bacteria associated to bacterial vaginosis and Lactobacillus spp.

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

Laboratorio de Resistencia Antimicrobiana e Inmunopatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú.

Published: March 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • Bacterial vaginosis is a common bacterial infection in women, often treated with synthetic antimicrobials, and this study explores Bixa orellana L. as a potential natural treatment.
  • In vitro tests showed that the methanolic extract of Bixa orellana L. leaves effectively inhibited bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis, particularly Gardnerella vaginalis.
  • The findings suggest the need for further research into non-synthetic antimicrobial options, highlighting the efficacy of Bixa orellana L. against problem bacteria while noting variations in susceptibility among different strains.

Article Abstract

Objective.: Motivation for the study: bacterial vaginosis is a bacterial infection that frequently affects women of reproductive age. The treatment is based on synthetic antimicrobials. Bixa orellana L. possesses antimicrobial properties and could represent a potential non-synthetic therapeutic alternative. Main findings: in vitro results suggest that, methanolic extract of Bixa orellana L. leaves possesses potential antimicrobial properties against bacteria associated to bacterial vaginosis. Implications: to identify new sources with therapeutic potential, and to promote research, discovery, and characterization of non-synthetic antimicrobials. To describe the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of Bixa orellana L. leaves against anaerobic bacteria associated to bacterial vaginosis and Lactobacillus spp.

Materials And Methods.: Eight ATCC reference strains; Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Peptococcus niger, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Mobiluncus curtisii, Atopobium vaginae, Veillonella parvula, and Lactobacillus crispatus, and twenty-two clinical isolates; eleven Gardnerella vaginalis and eleven Lactobacillus strains, were included in the study. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by using agar dilution and a modified dilution plating method, respectively.

Results.: All ATCC reference strains showed high levels of susceptibility to the extract, except P. vibia, V. parvula and L. crispatus. Interestingly, all G. vaginalis clinical isolates and the G. vaginalis ATTC strain were the most susceptible to the extract, given their low MIC (1.0 - 2.0 mg/mL) and MBC (1.0 - 4.0 mg/mL) values, whereas, the Lactobacillus spp. clinical isolates and the L. crispatus ATCC strain were the least susceptible bacteria given their high MIC (32.0 mg/mL) and MBC (≥ 32.0 mg/mL) values.

Conclusions.: In vitro experiments suggest that the extract possesses selective antimicrobial properties given its high activity against bacterial vaginosis-associated anaerobic bacteria and low activity against Lactobacillus species.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11397780PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.394.11978DOI Listing

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