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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12265-023-10366-w | DOI Listing |
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Sex-specific effects on the heart from combined exposure to simulated galactic cosmic radiation and hindlimb unloading.
Life Sci Space Res (Amst)
February 2025
Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
Future long duration space missions will expose astronauts to higher doses of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) than those experienced on the international space station. Recent studies have demonstrated astronauts may be at risk for cardiovascular complications due to increased radiation exposure and fluid shift from microgravity. However, there is a lack of direct evidence on how the cardiovascular system is affected by GCR and microgravity since no astronauts have been exposed to exploratory mission relevant GCR doses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic stress profoundly affects the structure and function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a brain region critical for executive functions and emotional regulation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on stress-induced PFC plasticity, encompassing structural, functional, and molecular changes. We examine how chronic stress leads to dendritic atrophy, spine loss, and alterations in neuronal connectivity within the PFC, particularly affecting the medial PFC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA collagen-based laboratory model to mimic sex-specific features of calcific aortic valve disease.
Acta Biomater
January 2025
Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, 3610 Rue University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada. Electronic address:
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) shows in the deposition of calcium phosphates in the collagen-rich layer of the valve leaflets. This stiffens the leaflets and eventually leads to heart failure. Recent research suggests that CAVD follows sex-specific pathways: at the same severity of the disease, women tend to have fewer and less crystalline calcifications, and the phases of their calcifications are decidedly different than those of men; namely, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) - one of the mineral phases in CAVD - occurs almost exclusively in females.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex-specific alterations in emotional behavior and neurotransmitter systems in LPA receptor-deficient mice.
Neuropharmacology
January 2025
Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina (IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND), 29590 Málaga, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain. Electronic address:
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and the endocannabinoid system (ECS) are critical lipid signaling pathways involved in emotional regulation and behavior. Despite their interconnected roles and shared metabolic pathways, the specific contributions of LPA signaling through the LPA receptor to stress-related disorders remain poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of LPA receptor deficiency on emotional behavior and neurotransmitter-related gene expression, with a focus on sex-specific differences, using maLPA-null mice of both sexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure to environmentally relevant levels of DEHP during development modifies the distribution and expression patterns of androgen receptors in the anterior pituitary in a sex-specific manner.
Chemosphere
January 2025
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de La Salud (INICSA), Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Centro de Microscopía Electrónica. Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address:
DEHP is a prevalent phthalate with wide industrial applications and well-documented endocrine-disrupting effects, including the potential disruption of AR signaling in different tissues. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of gestational and lactational exposure to environmentally relevant DEHP concentrations on AR expression and subcellular localization in the pituitary gland, the master endocrine organ, with a focus on gonadotroph cells by in vivo and in vitro approaches. After DEHP exposure during gestation and lactation, a sex-specific modulation was detected in AR-positive pituitary cells and AR protein expression as assessed through flow cytometry and western blot.
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