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Acetate supplementation improves neurological outcomes by preventing hyperglycemia and suppressing Serpina3n expression in CA1 region after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Biomed Pharmacother
November 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Hyperglycemia is common following cardiac arrest and CPR, negatively affecting neurological recovery, while acetate may help improve glucose metabolism.
- The study assessed the effects of acetate on hyperglycemia and neurological function in a CA/CPR model, focusing on related glucose metabolism parameters and protein expression in a specific brain region (CA1).
- Results showed that acetate supplementation reduced hyperglycemia and Serpina3n levels in the CA1 region, leading to better neurological outcomes in CA/CPR mice.
Cardiomyocyte senescence and the potential therapeutic role of senolytics in the heart.
J Cardiovasc Aging
April 2024
Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Cellular senescence in cardiomyocytes, characterized by cell cycle arrest, resistance to apoptosis, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, occurs during aging and in response to various stresses, such as hypoxia/reoxygenation, ischemia/reperfusion, myocardial infarction (MI), pressure overload, doxorubicin treatment, angiotensin II, diabetes, and thoracic irradiation. Senescence in the heart has both beneficial and detrimental effects. Premature senescence of myofibroblasts has salutary effects during MI and pressure overload.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAPC/C prevents a noncanonical order of cyclin/CDK activity to maintain CDK4/6 inhibitor-induced arrest.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
July 2024
Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Article Synopsis
- Regulated cell cycle progression is crucial for maintaining cellular balance and preventing cancer, with the E3 ubiquitin ligase APC/C playing a key role in preventing premature entry into the S phase for proliferating cells.
- Research shows that APC/C activity is necessary for maintaining cell cycle arrest when CDK4/6 is inhibited, indicating that protein degradation is vital for effective cell cycle regulation.
- The study suggests that cancers with high levels of EMI1 may evade CDK4/6 inhibition, leading to unregulated S phase entry and increased genome instability due to improper licensing of DNA replication.
Strategies to attenuate maladaptive inflammatory response associated with cardiopulmonary bypass.
Front Surg
July 2024
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States.
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) initiates an intense inflammatory response due to various factors: conversion from pulsatile to laminar flow, cold cardioplegia, surgical trauma, endotoxemia, ischemia-reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, hypothermia, and contact activation of cells by the extracorporeal circuit. Redundant and overlapping inflammatory cascades amplify the initial response to produce a systemic inflammatory response, heightened by coincident activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways. When unchecked, this inflammatory response can become maladaptive and lead to serious postoperative complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwenty-four-hour Normothermic Ex Vivo Heart Perfusion With Low Flow Functional Assessment in an Adult Porcine Model.
Transplantation
June 2024
Department of Surgery and ECLS Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
Background: Cold static storage and normothermic ex vivo heart perfusion are routinely limited to 6 h. This report describes intermittent left atrial (LA) perfusion that allows cardiac functional assessment in a working heart mode.
Methods: Using our adult porcine model, general anesthesia was induced and a complete cardiectomy was performed following cardioplegic arrest.
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