AI Article Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels, specifically total nucleocapsid (N) and subgenomic N (sgN), are commonly used indicators of how infectious someone with COVID-19 might be, but the influence of various host factors and virus variants on these levels was uncertain.
- Researchers analyzed RNA levels in samples from over 3,200 hospitalized COVID-19 patients using RT-qPCR, examining how factors like time of sampling, virus variant, age, and vaccination impacted the RNA viral load.
- Results indicated that RNA levels varied primarily by the type of SARS-CoV-2 variant and timing of symptom onset, but not based on patient age or vaccination, suggesting that subgenomic RNA measurements may not provide significant additional
Article Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomic and subgenomic RNA levels are frequently used as a correlate of infectiousness. The impact of host factors and SARS-CoV-2 lineage on RNA viral load is unclear.
Methods: Total nucleocapsid (N) and subgenomic N (sgN) RNA levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in specimens from 3204 individuals hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at 21 hospitals. RT-qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values were used to estimate RNA viral load. The impact of time of sampling, SARS-CoV-2 variant, age, comorbidities, vaccination, and immune status on N and sgN Ct values were evaluated using multiple linear regression.
Results: Mean Ct values at presentation for N were 24.14 (SD 4.53) for non-variants of concern, 25.15 (SD 4.33) for Alpha, 25.31 (SD 4.50) for Delta, and 26.26 (SD 4.42) for Omicron. N and sgN RNA levels varied with time since symptom onset and infecting variant but not with age, comorbidity, immune status, or vaccination. When normalized to total N RNA, sgN levels were similar across all variants.
Conclusions: RNA viral loads were similar among hospitalized adults, irrespective of infecting variant and known risk factors for severe COVID-19. Total N and subgenomic RNA N viral loads were highly correlated, suggesting that subgenomic RNA measurements add little information for the purposes of estimating infectivity.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10420395 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad061 | DOI Listing |
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