C-reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio Predicts Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy, and to determine whether pre-operative C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) can predict conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy, in patients with acute cholecystitis diagnosed according to the Tokyo Guidelines 2018.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 231 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis between January 2012 and March 2022. Two hundred and fifteen (93.1%) patients were included in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group; sixteen (6.9%) patients were included in the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy group.

Results: In univariate analysis, significant predictors of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy included the interval between symptom onset and surgery (>72 h), C-reactive protein (≥15.0 mg/l) and albumin (<3.5 mg/l) levels, pre-operative CAR (≥5.54), gallbladder wall thickness (≥5 mm), pericholecystic fluid collection, and pericholecystic fat hyperdensity. In multivariate analysis, elevated pre-operative CAR (≥5.54) and the interval between symptom onset and surgery (>72 h) were independent predictors of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy.

Conclusion: Pre-operative CAR as a predictor of conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy may be useful for pre-operative risk assessment and treatment planning.