Among masses involving the mitral valve and annulus, caseous calcification of the mitral annulus (CCMA) is a rare disease. CCMA accounts for .63% of all mitral annular calcification (MAC) cases. The pathophysiology is still unknown. The correct diagnosis and treatment of this disease is very important to prevent complications. We present a case of giant CCMA with advanced mitral stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, presenting with symptoms of infection and therefore a preliminary diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Because of these features, we wanted to share our case as it is the 1st case in the literature.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/echo.15547DOI Listing

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BACKGROUND Echogenic masses in the mitral annulus are often incidental findings during routine echocardiography examinations. Most represent the wide spectrum of underlying mitral annular calcifications and usually do not require further diagnostic workup. However, a rare variant called "caseous calcification of the mitral annulus" (CCMA) can be challenging to diagnose and often requires an extensive workup with the use of multiple imaging studies in order to accurately confirm the pathology.

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Histology of pulmonary tuberculosis in a 19th-century mummy from Comiso (Sicily, Italy).

Int J Paleopathol

December 2024

Division of Paleopathology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate potential evidence of tuberculosis in mummified remains.

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