AI Article Synopsis

  • In Taiwan, high rates of cigarette smoking, betel chewing, and alcohol consumption have led to significant cancer deaths, particularly in the oral cavity and throat.
  • Analysis from 1980 to 2019 showed strong links between these cancers and lifestyle factors, with a notable period effect from 1990 to 2009 related to betel nut consumption and an ongoing effect from HPV on oropharyngeal cancers.
  • Government initiatives to reduce smoking and betel quid usage since the 1990s have successfully stabilized cancer rates, suggesting continued policy impact may lead to further declines in head and neck cancer incidence.

Article Abstract

In a country with a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, betel chewing, and alcohol drinking, cancers of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, and larynx were the fourth, twelfth and seventeenth leading causes of cancer death, respectively, for men in 2020. We analyzed patients with head and neck cancer from 1980 to 2019 from the Taiwan Cancer Registration Database and discussed the annual average percent change, average percent change, age period, and birth cohort. Obvious period effects and birth effects are seen in oral, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancer; however, the most significant period effect was seen between 1990 and 2009, which mainly reflects the consumption of betel nuts per capita. In addition, the period effect lessens after 2010 in oral cancer and hypopharyngeal cancers, while oropharyngeal cancers remain an obvious period effect, which results from the rising prevalence of HPV. Due to the high prevalence rate of betel quid chewing and cigarette smoking in the 1990s, the government executed several acts. As a result, the age-adjusted incidence rates of oral, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancers have flattened since 2010, which can be explained by the declining cigarette smoking rate. The strict policy indeed shows an obvious effect on the head and neck cancer incidence rates, and we expect to see a further decline in the future.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9987053PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-10651-6DOI Listing

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