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Older adults systematically show an enhanced N170 amplitude during the visualization of facial expressions of emotion. The present study aimed to replicate this finding, further investigating if this effect is specific to facial stimuli, present in other neural correlates of face processing, and modulated by own-age faces. To this purpose, younger (n = 25; M = 28.36), middle-aged (n = 23; M = 48.74), and older adults (n = 25; M = 67.36) performed two face/emotion identification tasks during an EEG recording. The results showed that groups did not differ regarding P100 amplitude, but older adults had increased N170 amplitude for both facial and non-facial stimuli. The event-related potentials analysed were not modulated by an own-age bias, but older faces elicited larger N170 in the Emotion Identification Task for all groups. This increased amplitude may reflect a higher ambiguity of older faces due to age-related changes in their physical features, which may elicit higher neural resources to decode. Regarding P250, older faces elicited decreased amplitudes than younger faces, which may reflect a reduced processing of the emotional content of older faces. This interpretation is consistent with the lower accuracy obtained for this category of stimuli across groups. These results have important social implications and suggest that aging may hamper the neural processing of facial expressions of emotion, especially for own-age peers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.01.007 | DOI Listing |
Soc Sci Med
December 2024
College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Center for Social Science Survey and Data, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. Electronic address:
This study uses panel data from the 2011, 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study to examine the labor supply effects of spousal disability in later life. Employing a staggered difference-in-differences strategy, we provide causal evidence of gender-specific impacts, with a significant and enduring negative effect on female employment lasting over eight years, in contrast to minimal changes for males. The negative effect on female employment is particularly pronounced among low-educated individuals, those with agricultural hukou, and those influenced by stronger Confucian cultural norms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoc Sci Med
December 2024
Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
This study investigates the link between life course social mobility and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults in India, specifically emphasizing whether upward and downward mobility exerts symmetric associations and potential gender heterogeneity within these associations. Leveraging data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India 2017-2018, encompassing 64,710 individuals aged 45 years or above, we classified social mobility as 'consistently high,' 'upward mobility,' 'downward mobility,' and 'consistently low,' based on socioeconomic position during childhood and late adulthood. Multivariable regression and gender-interaction analyses were employed to assess associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfancy
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
Social smiling is the earliest gained social communication skill, emerging around 2 months of age. From 2 to 6-months, infants primarily smile in response to caregivers. After 6 months, infants coordinate social smiles with other social cues to initiate interactions with the caregiver.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Lett
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, Jiangsu, China. Electronic address:
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common cognitive challenge faced by older adults. One of the key contributors to the development of POCD is neuroinflammation induced by microglia. Resveratrol has emerged as a promising candidate for the prevention of cognitive decline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Phys Med Rehabil
December 2024
Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Objective: To examine if a nationally representative population of older adults with communication disabilities (CDs) have a higher risk of mortality when compared to older adults without these disabilities, independent of sociodemographic, health, and other disability characteristics.
Design: Retrospective, cohort study. We conducted a survival analysis using multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression, adjusting for sociodemographic, health, and other disability characteristics.
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