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Predisposing factors for admission to intensive care units of patients with COVID-19 infection-Results of the German nationwide inpatient sample. | LitMetric
Background : Intensive care units (ICU) capacities are one of the most critical determinants in health-care management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the ICU-admission and case-fatality rate as well as characteristics and outcomes of patient admitted to ICU in order to identify predictors and associated conditions for worsening and case-fatality in this critical ill patient-group.Methods : We used the German nationwide inpatient sample to analyze all hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis in Germany between January and December 2020. All hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection during the year 2020 were included in the present study and were stratified according ICU-admission.Results : Overall, 176,137 hospitalizations of patients with COVID-19-infection (52.3% males; 53.6% aged ≥70 years) were reported in Germany during 2020. Among them, 27,053 (15.4%) were treated in ICU. COVID-19-patients treated on ICU were younger [70.0 (interquartile range (IQR) 59.0-79.0) vs. 72.0 (IQR 55.0-82.0) years, < 0.001], more often males (66.3 vs. 48.8%, < 0.001), had more frequently cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk-factors with increased in-hospital case-fatality (38.4 vs. 14.2%, < 0.001). ICU-admission was independently associated with in-hospital death [OR 5.49 (95% CI 5.30-5.68), < 0.001]. Male sex [OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.90-2.01), < 0.001], obesity [OR 2.20 (95% CI 2.10-2.31), < 0.001], diabetes mellitus [OR 1.48 (95% CI 1.44-1.53), < 0.001], atrial fibrillation/flutter [OR 1.57 (95% CI 1.51-1.62), < 0.001], and heart failure [OR 1.72 (95% CI 1.66-1.78), < 0.001] were independently associated with ICU-admission.Conclusion : During 2020, 15.4% of the hospitalized COVID-19-patients were treated on ICUs with high case-fatality. Male sex, CVD and cardiovascular risk-factors were independent risk-factors for ICU admission.
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