The flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), an intermediate flexor of the forearm, can present with variations in the musculature or tendons. Here, we report a very rare anomaly of the FDS-V tendon replaced by a muscle belly in the palm, which was a progressive variation. This variation was found in a 60-year-old female cadaver on the right hand. The anomalous belly took its origin from the center of the volar aspect of the flexor retinaculum and was inserted into the A2 pulley of the middle interphalangeal joint to the little finger. The anomalous muscle was innervated by a branch of the median nerve. Knowledge of such variations will be useful for hand surgeons for meticulous planning of surgeries of the palm. The occurrences of such variations might interfere with the biomechanics of the FDS tendons.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34577 | DOI Listing |
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
January 2025
Abteilung für Plastische und Handchirurgie UniversitätsCentrum für Orthopädie, Unfall- & Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Background: Kirner deformity is a rare anomaly of the little finger in adolescents, characterized by a deformity of the distal phalanx and a radiologically L-shaped epiphysis, along with palmar and radial angulation of the distal phalanx. Due to the rarity of these pathological findings, there are no systematic literature reviews available. This work serves as an overview of the clinical presentation, frequency and age distributions, as well as possible conservative and surgical treatment options.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Reconstr Microsurg
December 2024
Division of Reconstructive Microsurgery Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Background: High-level median or ulnar nerve injuries and repairs typically result in suboptimal re-innervation of distal muscles. Functioning Free Muscle Transplantation (FFMT) is increasingly recognized as an effective method to restore function in chronic muscle denervation cases. This study investigates the efficacy of using an additional FFMT, neurotized by lateral sprouting axons from a repaired high-level mixed nerve in the upper limb, to enhance distal hand function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, Niigata Hand Surgery Foundation, Seiro-machi, JPN.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg
December 2024
School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Australia.
Pflugers Arch
December 2024
School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
The purpose was to investigate the changes in cytosolic Ca and force output during post-tetanic potentiation (PTP) during pre-fatigue and during prolonged low-frequency force depression (PLFFD) following fatigue. Intact single myofibers from the flexor digitorum brevis of mice were electrically stimulated to record force (n = 8) and free cytosolic Ca concentration ([Ca]) with FURA-2 (n = 6) at 32 °C. Initially, force and [Ca] were measured during brief (350 ms) trains of stimuli at 30, 50, 70, and 200 Hz at ~ 2 s intervals (Force-frequency protocol, FFP).
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