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Neural correlates of perceptual plasticity in the auditory midbrain and thalamus.
J Neurosci
January 2025
Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742.
Hearing is an active process in which listeners must detect and identify sounds, segregate and discriminate stimulus features, and extract their behavioral relevance. Adaptive changes in sound detection can emerge rapidly, during sudden shifts in acoustic or environmental context, or more slowly as a result of practice. Although we know that context- and learning-dependent changes in the sensitivity of auditory cortical (ACX) neurons support many aspects of perceptual plasticity, the contribution of subcortical auditory regions to this process is less understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhen "loss-of-function" means proteostasis burden: Thinking again about coding DNA variants.
Am J Hum Genet
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Each human genome has approximately 5 million DNA variants. Even for complete loss-of-function variants causing inherited, monogenic diseases, current understanding based on gene-specific molecular function does not adequately predict variability observed between people with identical mutations or fluctuating disease trajectories. We present a parallel paradigm for loss-of-function variants based on broader consequences to the cell when aberrant polypeptide chains of amino acids are translated from mutant RNA to generate mutated proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic effect of fully human anti-Nrp-1 antibody on non-small cell lung cancer in vivo and in vitro.
Cancer Immunol Immunother
January 2025
Public Center of Experimental Technology, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the treatment paradigm for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), not all patients benefit from them. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel immune checkpoint inhibitors. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) is a unique immune checkpoint capable of exerting antitumor effects through CD8 T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
Background: Stress is a common modifiable risk factor for AD, which increases dementia risk 2-fold. During the stress response, the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis is activated which stimulates the release of stress hormones called glucocorticoids into the blood stream. Studies on early-life stress have shown a glucocorticoid dependent vulnerability towards late-life inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: The prevalence of sepsis and delirium in the elderly is a risk factor for subsequent diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Post-sepsis impairments include changes in memory, attention, emotional function, and neuromuscular strength. Studies have shown a link between the prolonged activation of microglia after infection.
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