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A third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose in people receiving hemodialysis overcomes B cell defects but elicits a skewed CD4 T cell profile. | LitMetric

A third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose in people receiving hemodialysis overcomes B cell defects but elicits a skewed CD4 T cell profile.

Cell Rep Med

Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada; Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Published: March 2023

AI Article Synopsis

  • * A third vaccine dose significantly enhances B cell responses and leads to improved CD8 T cell responses in HD patients, while maintaining comparable CD4 T cell responses to controls.
  • * Despite improved immunity with a third dose, some unique T cell characteristics in HD patients remain unchanged, indicating ongoing challenges in achieving full immune response.

Article Abstract

Cellular immune defects associated with suboptimal responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination in people receiving hemodialysis (HD) are poorly understood. We longitudinally analyze antibody, B cell, CD4, and CD8 T cell vaccine responses in 27 HD patients and 26 low-risk control individuals (CIs). The first two doses elicit weaker B cell and CD8 T cell responses in HD than in CI, while CD4 T cell responses are quantitatively similar. In HD, a third dose robustly boosts B cell responses, leads to convergent CD8 T cell responses, and enhances comparatively more T helper (T) immunity. Unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. The third dose attenuates some features of T cells in HD (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα]/interleukin [IL]-2 skewing), while others (CCR6, CXCR6, programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1], and HLA-DR overexpression) persist. Therefore, a third vaccine dose is critical to achieving robust multifaceted immunity in hemodialysis patients, although some distinct T characteristics endure.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9902290PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100955DOI Listing

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