Naples Prognostic Score as an Independent Predictor of Survival Outcomes for Resected Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Treatment.

Background: The Naples Prognostic Score (NPS) can reflect patient's nutritional and inflammatory status, which is identified as a prognostic indicator for various malignant tumors. However, its significance in patients with resected locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) patients who receive neoadjuvant treatment remains unclear so far.

Methods: A total of 165 LA-NSCLC patients surgically treated from May 2012 to November 2017 were retrospectively investigated. The LA-NSCLC patients were divided into three groups according to NPS scores. The receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was performed to reveal the discriminatory ability of NPS and other indicators for predicting the survival. The NPS and clinicopathological variables were further evaluated the prognostic value by univariate and multivariate Cox analysis.

Results: The NPS was related to age ( = 0.046), smoking history ( = 0.004), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score ( = 0.005), and adjuvant treatment ( = 0.017). Patients with high NPS scores had worse overall survival (OS) (group 1 vs 0, = 0.006; group 2 vs 0, < 0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (group 1 vs 0, < 0.001; group 2 vs 0, < 0.001). The ROC analysis demonstrated that NPS had better predictive ability than other prognostic indicators. Multivariate analysis revealed that NPS was independent prognostic indicator of OS (group 1 vs 0, hazard ratio [HR] =2.591, = 0.023; group 2 vs 0, HR = 8.744, = 0.001) and DFS (group 1 vs 0, HR =3.754, < 0.001; group 2 vs 0, HR = 9.673, < 0.001).

Conclusion: The NPS could be an independent prognostic indicator in patients with resected LA-NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant treatment and more reliable than the other nutritional and inflammatory indicators.