A problem that arises when the time-reversal process is applied in a nonlinear regime is related to the generation of harmonics: conventional piezoelectric transducers cannot work properly at the frequency of the second harmonic. Then, the time-reversed wave cannot be completely emitted. Few works provide a solution to this issue. Thus, we study the alternative of performing a cross correlation of the wavefield. In a linear regime, this procedure is an accurate method for estimating real time-reversal properties. To study both procedures in the nonlinear regime in detail, we measure the wavefield of a wave that (1) traverses a multiple scattering medium, composed by a random set of parallel copper rods and (2) propagates inside a reverberant cavity, consisting of an aluminum case immersed in water. Cross correlation yields a virtually focused wavefield, where the focal width at the frequency of the first, second, and third harmonics can be measured. We compare these values with those obtained in a real time-reversal experiment. Results suggest that both time-reversal procedures are equivalent. In addition, we discuss the possibility of amplitude estimation at the focal spot and the limits of this work based on a theoretical model.
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Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
We investigate the thermoelectric response of an Abrikosov vortex in type-II superconductors in the deep quantum limit. We consider two thermoelectric geometries, a type-II superconductor-insulator-normal-metal (S-I-N) junction and a local scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-tip normal metal probe over the superconductor. We exploit the strong breaking of particle-hole symmetry in vortex-bound states at subgap energies within the superconducting vortex to realize a giant thermoelectric response in the presence of fluxons.
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January 2025
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
Charge transport in materials has an impact on a wide range of devices based on semiconductor, battery, or superconductor technology. Charge transport in sliding charge density waves (CDW) differs from all others in that the atomic lattice is directly involved in the transport process. To obtain an overall picture of the structural changes associated to the collective transport, the large coherent x-ray beam generated by an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) source was used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Detection and attribution (DA) studies are cornerstones of climate science, providing crucial evidence for policy decisions. Their goal is to link observed climate change patterns to anthropogenic and natural drivers via the optimal fingerprinting method (OFM). We show that response theory for nonequilibrium systems offers the physical and dynamical basis for OFM, including the concept of causality used for attribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Energy Resources, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Salt caverns are widely regarded as a suitable option for the underground storage of hydrogen. However, an accurate assessment of the hydrogen leakage through the walls of salt caverns into the surrounding formations remains crucial. In this work, the flow of hydrogen into the surrounding formation is evaluated by assuming that salt rock consists of bundles of tortuous nano-capillary tubes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromolecules
December 2024
Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.
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