The WHO recommends systematic screening of TB in high TB prevalence settings. We evaluated an active case-finding strategy using sputum screening regardless of symptoms in a high TB prevalence Emergency Department (ED) in Peru. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo ED, which serves low-income populations in downtown Lima, Peru. Adults presenting to the ED for any reason and able to provide sputum were enrolled. Participants provided one sputum specimen for acid-fast bacilli smear and culture. A second sputum specimen for Xpert MTB/RIF testing was collected if the patient was admitted to an ED observation unit. Between September 2017 and March 2018, 5,171 individuals who presented to the ED were approached. Of 2,119 individuals able to provide sputum, 78 (3.7%) participants had a positive culture and/or Xpert result and were newly diagnosed with TB, whereas traditional screening using >2-week cough identified 41 (1.9%) cases (3.7% vs. 1.9%; < 0.001). Twelve TB cases (15.4%) reported no TB symptoms of any duration. ED-based active case-finding of pulmonary TB using symptom-neutral sputum screening increased TB identification compared to traditional symptom-based screening. Our results align with current WHO recommendation of systematic screening in high TB prevalence areas, which may include ED settings.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.22.0458 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Unveiling hidden leprosy in underserved populations of the Amazonas state through active case-finding-the Amazon Skin Health Program (2023).
Int J Dermatol
January 2025
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Dermatologia, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Background: Active case-finding is an effective strategy for combating leprosy, especially in early multibacillary cases in endemic regions. This early approach includes systematic actions such as epidemiological investigations, community surveys, and awareness campaigns to identify leprosy cases. This study reports new leprosy cases diagnosed through an active case-finding initiative conducted in 12 underserved populations from Amazonas in 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScreening properties of the updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE in MCI and dementia.
Neurol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy.
Background: This study aimed to assess the screening properties of Foderaro et al.s' updated normative framework for the Italian MMSE in detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia due to neurodegenerative, chronic cerebrovascular, and mixed etiologies, as well as in differentiating between these two syndromes.
Methods: Data on 234 patients with either MCI (N = 83) or dementia (N = 151) due to Alzheimer's disease (N = 112), Lewy body disease (N = 11), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (N = 20), chronic cerebrovascular disease (N = 39), or mixed (N = 47) etiologies having been administered Foderaro et al.
Optimising dementia screening in community-dwelling older adults: A rapid review of brief diagnostic tools in Singapore.
Ann Acad Med Singap
December 2024
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
Introduction: Timely detection of dementia enables early access to dementia-specific care services and interventions. Various stakeholders brought together to refine Singapore's dementia care strategy identified a lack of a standardised cognitive screening tool and the absence of a comparative review of existing tools. We hence conducted a rapid review to evaluate the diagnostic performance of brief cognitive screening tools in identifying possible dementia among community-dwelling older adults in Singapore.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of case detection strategies on the prognosis of tuberculosis patients in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, 2010-19: A retrospective cohort study.
Trop Med Int Health
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology-Laboratório de Inferência Causal em Epidemiologia (LINCE-USP), School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: Despite existing recommendations, there is still a scarcity of evidence on the impact of active case finding strategies versus passive case finding strategies, especially with regard to the mortality of tuberculosis patients. Therefore, our aim was to estimate the effect of case detection strategies on the prognosis of tuberculosis patients.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 160,384 new cases of tuberculosis patients diagnosed between 1 January 2010 and 31 August 2019 in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
The asymptomatic tuberculosis proportion among the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Public Health
December 2024
Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Article Synopsis
- A study investigated the presence of asymptomatic tuberculosis among elderly patients with active tuberculosis, finding that 67.7% of these patients were asymptomatic.
- The analysis included nine studies with over 364,000 elderly individuals, and the highest rates of asymptomatic cases were found in high-burden countries and among those screened using multiple strategies.
- Results indicate a need for increased awareness and screening for tuberculosis in the elderly, especially as the proportion of asymptomatic cases varied among different study settings and over time.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!