The COVID-19 pandemic has lately been driven by Omicron. This work aimed to study the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineages during the third and fourth waves of COVID-19 in Argentina. Molecular surveillance was performed on 3431 samples from Argentina, between EW44/2021 and EW31/2022. Sequencing, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses were performed. A differential dynamic between the Omicron waves was found. The third wave was associated with lineage BA.1, characterized by a high number of cases, very fast displacement of Delta, doubling times of 3.3 days and a low level of lineage diversity and clustering. In contrast, the fourth wave was longer but associated with a lower number of cases, initially caused by BA.2, and later by BA.4/BA.5, with doubling times of about 10 days. Several BA.2 and BA.4/BA.5 sublineages and introductions were detected, although very few clusters with a constrained geographical distribution were observed, suggesting limited transmission chains. The differential dynamic could be due to waning immunity and an increase in population gatherings in the BA.1 wave, and a boosted population (for vaccination or recent prior immunity for BA.1 infection) in the wave caused by BA2/BA.4/BA.5, which may have limited the establishment of the new lineages.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020312 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Laboratory of Microbiology, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:
The genomic monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) in riverine and sewage water has been widely used as an epidemiological tool worldwide. But its utility for epidemiological assessments still needs to be evaluated in some areas. Our study encompassed thirteen Brazilian rivers spanning a vast urban expanse across the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Paraná.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Medical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Introduction: Northern Iran is one of the regions of the country most affected by COVID-19. The aim of the current study was to examine the demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of suspected and laboratory-confirmed patients <18 years of age hospitalized over two years (during six waves of SARS-CoV-2).
Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined hospitalized patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection in Babol, northern Iran.
BMC Glob Public Health
December 2024
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
Background: Despite a wealth of data from high-income countries, there is limited information on the distinct epidemiological patterns observed in diverse, densely populated regions within Latin America. This retrospective analysis of COVID-19's four major waves in Bogotá, Colombia, evaluates 1.77 million cases in detail.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Glob Public Health
June 2024
School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
Background: Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic evolved under control measures is crucial to tackle the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Laos, a country bordering China but with late occurrence and low burden of COVID-19 compared to its neighbouring countries, was used for a case study.
Methods: A transmission model with disease reporting was proposed to investigate the impact of control measures on the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread in Laos from April 2021 to May 2022.
J Public Health Afr
November 2024
Public Health Emergency Operation Center, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Background: Little is known about the evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity in African communities.
Aim: We evaluated changes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, mortality and vaccination status in Cameroon between August 2021 and September 2022 to begin describing the evolution of the pandemic in Africa.
Setting: The study was conducted across Cameroon's 10 regional capitals, between 2021 and 2022 as the country hosted a mass gathering.
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