AI Article Synopsis
- The Omicron BQ.1.1 variant is now the dominant strain of SARS-CoV-2 in many countries and can evade the immune responses triggered by standard mRNA vaccines due to its mutations.
- New bivalent mRNA vaccines have been approved to enhance immunity against these Omicron subvariants, and a study is measuring plasma responses from vaccinated individuals after receiving a fourth dose.
- Results indicate that those who had a recent infection and a fourth dose show better recognition and neutralization of the BQ.1.1 variant compared to those with only vaccinations, supporting the idea that hybrid immunity (vaccination plus recent infection) provides stronger protection.
Article Abstract
The Omicron BQ.1.1 variant is now the major SARS-CoV-2 circulating strain in many countries. Because of the many mutations present in its Spike glycoprotein, this variant is resistant to humoral responses elicited by monovalent mRNA vaccines. With the goal to improve immune responses against Omicron subvariants, bivalent mRNA vaccines have recently been approved in several countries. In this study, we measure the capacity of plasma from vaccinated individuals, before and after a fourth dose of mono- or bivalent mRNA vaccine, to recognize and neutralize the ancestral (D614G) and the BQ.1.1 Spikes. Before and after the fourth dose, we observe a significantly better recognition and neutralization of the ancestral Spike. We also observe that fourth-dose vaccinated individuals who have been recently infected better recognize and neutralize the BQ.1.1 Spike, independently of the mRNA vaccine used, than donors who have never been infected or have an older infection. Our study supports that hybrid immunity, generated by vaccination and a recent infection, induces higher humoral responses than vaccination alone, independently of the mRNA vaccine used.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963157 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020242 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Humoral response 24 months after the first COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV with and without diabetes.
AIDS
December 2024
Viro-Immunology Research Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases.
People with HIV (PWH) and people with diabetes mellitus have increased risk of severe COVID-19, but little is known about humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines in PWH with DM. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 antireceptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) geometrical concentrations and neutralizing antibody capacity (nAB) in PWH with and without diabetes mellitus. Anti-RBD IgG and nAB in COVID-19-vaccinated PWH were not associated with diabetes mellitus-status or HbA1c 24 months after the initial COVID-19 vaccination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo live attenuated vaccines (LAVs), LMA and LMP, were evaluated alone or in combination with a trivalent adenoviral vector-based vaccine (Ad5-YFV) for their efficacy and immune responses in wild type (WT) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) knockout (KO) mice in a C57BL/6 background. While LMA and LMP are triple deletion mutants of CO92 strain, Ad5-YFV incorporates three protective plague immunogens. An impressive 80-100% protection was observed in all vaccinated animals against highly lethal intranasal challenge doses of parental CO92.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHumoral and cellular immune response after mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in children on treatment for cancer: A pilot observational study.
Heliyon
July 2024
Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, and Cell and Gene Therapy Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Immunocompromised children are at risk of developing severe COVID-19 infection. We conducted a pilot prospective study to evaluate the impact of cancer treatment and stem cell transplantation on immunogenicity of two doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in pediatric patients. Humoral, B- and T-cell responses to the BNT162b2 vaccine were assessed before, after the first and the second dose in patients aged 5-12 years (n = 35) and in a group of healthy donors (HD, n = 12).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of immunological response to digital dermatitis pathogen derived antigens following infection, recovery, and reinfection.
Front Vet Sci
November 2024
National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service (USDA), Ames, IA, United States.
The ability to reliably induce bovine digital dermatitis (DD) in naive calves provides unique opportunities to evaluate immune responses of the calves to infection after disease induction, during healing, and after subsequent re-infection. Dairy calves infected in a previous induction trial were held until lesions resolved and were then re-infected in parallel with naïve calves. Humoral and cell-mediated responses were assessed via serum antibody titer and lymphocyte proliferation analysis with responses of previously infected calves compared with responses of the newly infected calves and naïve calves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersonalized Multi-Epitope Nanovaccine Unlocks B Cell-Mediated Multiple Pathways of Antitumor Immunity.
Adv Mater
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
B lymphocytes have emerged as an important immune-regulating target. Inoculation with tumor cell membrane-derived vaccines is a promising strategy to activate B cells, yet their efficiency is limited due to lack of costimulatory molecules. To amplify B cell responses against tumor, herein, a spatiotemporally-synchronized antigen-adjuvant integrated nanovaccine, termed as CM-CpG-aCD40, is constructed by conjugating the immune stimulative CpG oligonucleotide and the anti-CD40 antibody (aCD40) onto the membrane vesicles derived from triple negative breast cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!