Cyatholaimidae is a common and diverse family of mainly marine nematodes, potentially, with a large number of species to be discovered. The taxonomy of the group is marked by a lack of information about the evolutionary history of the characters and of detailed descriptions of morphological structures that may be taxonomically relevant. Two new species of the family are described from a sublittoral region in Southeastern Brazil, emphasizing the importance of the distribution and morphology of pore complex and pore-like structures present on the cuticle. The taxonomic importance of the cuticle ornamentation and spicule shape for the species, as well as the precloacal supplements structures of species, are discussed. sp. nov. differs from other species of the genus by the presence of eight longitudinal rows of pore complex on the cuticle and by the shape of the copulatory structure. sp. nov. differs from the most similar species, Wieser, 1954, by the smaller number of turns of the amphidial fovea, the shorter tail and the beginning of the cuticle lateral differentiation (3/4 of the pharynx length . end of the pharynx, respectively). We also obtained the SSU rDNA sequence from sp. nov., which is closely related to sp. (MN250093) by about 91%. Updated tabular keys to species identification of each genus ( and ) are included, containing morphometric data, characters related to cuticle ornamentation, and copulatory structures.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14712 | DOI Listing |
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