AI Article Synopsis
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny lipid-bound particles released by cells, with small EVs (sEVs) being especially interesting due to their roles in cell communication and signaling.* -
- sEVs have advantages for drug delivery because they are biocompatible, stable, and capable of transporting complex molecules that traditional drugs cannot.* -
- Despite their potential, there are challenges in using sEVs as therapies, and this review discusses various sEV therapeutic types, future improvements, and strategies for large-scale production.*
Article Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanovesicles that are naturally released from cells in a lipid bilayer-bound form. A subset population with a size of 200 nm, small EVs (sEVs), is enticing in many ways. Initially perceived as mere waste receptacles, sEVs have revealed other biological functions, such as cell-to-cell signal transduction and communication. Besides their notable biological functions, sEVs have profound advantages as future drug modalities: (i) excellent biocompatibility, (ii) high stability, and (iii) the potential to carry undruggable macromolecules as cargo. Indeed, many biopharmaceutical companies are utilizing sEVs, not only as diagnostic biomarkers but as therapeutic drugs. However, as all inchoate fields are challenging, there are limitations and hindrances in the clinical translation of sEV therapeutics. In this review, we summarize different types of sEV therapeutics, future improvements, and current strategies in large-scale production.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9961868 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020325 | DOI Listing |
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